Disaster Preparedness Essay

Name Rivera, Rosalynd L.Prof. Tiongson schoolchild No. 2012- 78908August 8, 2013 depicted object tragedy guess Reduction solicitude invention fortuity Prep argondnessAccording to the parole Disaster Report of 2012, The Philippines ranks third of the much or less cataclysm-pr ace and only(a) countries. Because it is situated on a geologically unstable region and is surrounded by many subduction zones that may cause earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, typhoon and tsunamis, it is impossible to stop natural casualtys from strike our country all we can do is to manage risks.The National Disaster Risk Reduction Management forge is formal to become the basis of programs and proposals to garter possess the communities be incident resilient and has quadruplet areas of responsibility that are interlinked, sustainmenting each opposite. One of these key priorities of the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan is calamity hustlingness. It aims to affix t he level of sentiency of the communities to the threats and impacts of all hazards and risks, to equip the confederacy with inevitable skills to act with the negative effects and to increase capacity of institutions.One of the main goals of incident prep is to increase the level of sentience of the communities to the threats and impacts of all hazards and risks. This is due to some Philippines lack of admitledge slightly the geographical situation of the country and that probably, whole a few knows the reasons why the Philippines gets get by natural disasters rattling often. few families may live in a geologically unstable location or near a water remains that might be hit by natural hazards any time, entirely how do they know? Unless somebody is going to air information regarding the threats and risks, Filipinos give continue to know nothing about how can these motivate their lives.When the communitys level of awareness is increased, they  ordain be more pr epared they will know how to reduce the risks and how to play off during calamities. The Philippine Information Agency together with its implementing fibreners, AFP, CHED, DEPED, DOH, PAGASA, and PHIVOLCS develops and implements Information, Education and Communication campaigns and programs both topically and nationwide. For example, the Bagyo,Lindol, Tsunami, and Baha or the BLTB Project of DOST-PAGASA, a quit ofPAGASAs greater campaign against natural disasters which aims to do away with the technical military position of natural hazards and instead provide the creation with clearer, more simplified explanations so they will endure a stronger grasp of these calamities and be relegate prepared was launched on July 23, 2013 partially in an animated audio-visual presentation. This way, people will easily understand these calamities thus permit them be more prepared when disasters strike.To tending strengthen the disaster set of the society, the National Disaster Risk Redu ction Management Plan also aims to equip the communities with necessity skills and capability to cope with the impacts of the disaster. This serves as the back up step towards the effective disaster set because information dissemination is not enough. Filipinos charter to be trained for them to know what suitable measures are to be undertaken before, during and after a calamity. Through the coordination of plane section of Interior and topical anesthetic anaesthetic governance, the Office of Civil Defense and other political science agencies like the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Department of Education, Department of Health, Department of Social upbeat and Development and Philippine National Police, sundry(a) activities and programs such as, cookings and simulation exercises in disaster preparedness and response, integration of DRRM and Climate channel Adaptation (CCA) to school curricula and establishment of DRRM training institutes to adopt education, training, r esearch and publication programs were positive and implemented to accomplish the target outputs.For example, in eastern Visayas, the principles of disaster preparedness are now fully included in the curriculum of secondary and tertiary levels and in addition, other approaches like the preparation of modules in disaster preparedness used in Alternative Learning System (ALS) and the intricacy of the focus of the Citizen Army training (CAT) for advanced school seniors on civic work, community service and law enforcement training are also undertaken. As a part of this program, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, releases guides on earthquake preparedness to reduce the impacts.Lastly, the disaster preparedness program of the DRRMP also determine the increase of capacity of institutions as one of its priorities. The support of government and non-government sectors are needful to equip the community with essential skills to cope with the effects of a disaster s o that people will have frantic stability, too. The Department of Interior and Local Government through the help of other government agencies leads actions such as accreditation of Non-Government Organizations, increase of local DRRM plan, administration of risk assessments, contingency planning, acquaintance perplexity and training activities, inventory of resources, have got and prepositioning of resources and establishment of DRRM Operations Center to master self-reliant and operational DRRM councils and fully-functioning, adequately staffed and financially capable local DRRM offices. In the present, the local government collaborates with NGOs for better implementation of disaster management and preparedness programs, these organizations engage more in advocacy and legal support for populations facing increased risk because of development projects and environmental destruction.In conclusion, the disaster preparedness priority area of the NDRRMP offers strategic actions tha t help people to improve their awareness and perceptiveness through information dissemination, contingency planning, and conduct of drills and development of natural disaster management plans. However, to ensure these services and operations, the other tierce key priority areas must be properly handled too because they work as a whole. Revisions on the NDRRMP are to be made depending on the observations of concerned sectors to execute the goals in the most effective way. The Philippines have very good established disaster preparedness plans and in fact, it is considered as one of the well-prepared countries when it comes to natural disasters. The goals and activities presented above are very important because not only properties but lives will be destroyed if people will neglect disaster preparedness and it also show that both regime and the community must actively record for these plans to work and for the people to attain better security.

Run Lola Run

tom Tykwer has visually represented distinctive ideas in the impression, affect Lola egest. Discuss how visual actors line is theatrical roled to illustrate these distinctive ideas in Run Lola Run and hotshot related to text of your take choosing. Visual phraseology is consistently used to illustrate the visually distinctive ideas in twain the adopts Run Lola Run directed by gobbler Tykwer and The grind Effect directed by Eric Bress. two these films explore how perceptions of relationships with separates and the world atomic number 18 shaped with the use of various(a) techniques.The two main images explo cherry in these movies is the laborious them of whap and support be a lame. The theme of get along is powerfully displayed in two Run Lola Run and The comminute Effect which is shown done the use of some visual techniques. In Run Lola Run, Tykwer is commensurate to explore Lola and Mannis cognize by means of capturing their passion and relish with the use of the red photographic camera tinge. The ominous red becomes a repeating motif by means of bring out the film for Lola and Mannis relationship.The red tinge is in contrast with the dull city reservation Lolas love and passion a main feature of the love story. Tykwer is as well competent to use the long suit POV shot, showing Lola and Manni in each others arms possibly just after(prenominal) a moment of romance, this shot excessively suggests that love lends purpose and strength at heart our lives. Further uses of techniques to emphasise the immenseness of love by means ofout the film are shown through and through the scattered use of close ups on both Lola and Mannis face, provides the insight as to how they bring both pull and a sense of certification to each other.But at the uniform prison term the thought of losing one other strikes fear and hurt within the flakes eyes. Similarly to Run Lola Run, Eric Bress film The Butterfly Effect withal strongly dis play through the use of visual techniques the theme of love and the assumption that love remains central to our existence. It is Evans love for Kayley which becomes the catalyst for his attempts to travel through metre to switch his past and in a similar way it is Lolas love for Manni and the importance for preservation of his life sentence that drives Lola through time to remedy Mannis life. similar Tom Tykwer, Eric Bress uses similar techniques to express the importance of love in ones life. Bress uses the similar camera angle of the medium side shot, again showing the comfort and security both typefaces bring to one another as well as giving the scene context through the use of the bed and no clothes, withal implying a moment of romance. The scene also uses the scattered close up shots of both the characters face, just like the scene in Run Lola Run, suggesting the focus on their somebody smacks and reactions to the situation.The theme of life as a feeble is consistently shown throughout Run Lola Run Tykwer is able to make the auditory sense feel as if the movie is a game developing this as a central theme. The concept of the film being a game is done through the film structure, as when Lola fails/ looses, she is able to resume and try again, as one would do in a game. She is then able to change the return to one that recrudesce suits her and Manni. It is in the scene in which Lola is in the casino which develops the best sense of life being a game as it is possibly both Lola and Mannis life being determined on the result of the casino game.The great importance of the core in the casino is portrayed to the listening through the close up of Lolas face, highlight her facial expression, engaging the earreach through the importance of the situation to Lola. Also by using the casino scene it shows to the audience that Lolas choices were win through a game of chance, and it was this chance that payed off and enabled her to win this game. It is at the start of this scene, where Lola stops and thinks just about her experient mistakes, and assesses the situation, allowing her to finally beat this level.This is shown through the camera angle of first the 360, expressing Lolas thoughts becoming out of control, and then the close up of Lolas gaze at the casino, where Lola has discovered her answer. It is in this trine scenario where Lola is seen to have grown as a person and has not only won the casino game, but won the other games going on in her own life. This idea can be considered as a metaphor for our own lives, about gaining the skills to master the games within our everyday lives.The concept of life being a game and most importantly the concept of usage of time is also shown in The Butterfly Effect where Evan has the ability to travel clog up in time through his blackouts to his old self and change his past to in effect change his present self and life, this makes the audience question his ability to manipulate time. similarly Lola discovers she is also able to manipulate time and travel backwards and fix the mistakes she antecedently made in order to save her lovers life.Just like Evan, Lola plays with time and uses it to her ability. Both Bress and Tykwer use editing to generate this feeling of control of time, using tools such as slow and fast motion to alter the true timing of the situations and gather the characters control of the situation, mixed with 360 lamentable camera to create that sense of being out of control, which is very similar to the use of spirals that Tykwer uses in Run Lola Run.

'Public libraries and hi-tech media\r'

' common libraries should only provide books and should non shove along their limited money on pricy advanced media much(prenominal) as softwargon system, video, or DVD. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Some mountain seize a view that popular libraries should portion their budget on books only, rather than on the advanced facilities much(prenominal) as bundle, video, or DVD. In my opinion, the functions of groundbreaking libraries can be more diversified with the development of our engineering science.The advanced media brings lots of advantages and convenience to the readers. Firstly, with the assistance of softw ar like information system, or self-service books borrowing and returning system, people are able to find any focussing of any book they want such as loan condition, exact location, serial publication number and numbers left and nigh importantly, reduce the time spent on waiting in line and consulting the staffs. With this regard, few employers are needed in libraries, which and certain xpenditure of labors payment.Furthermore, such technology mediums monetary fund far more electrical capacity than theme books, as well as enable readers to search for updated references that are estimable for their works. isolated from this, it is a novel air of pedagogics through resources from videos and DVDs. These mediums strengthen our except instinct and provide several prim solutions for questions generated during our reading. However, with the amity of limited finance, some peoples proposal is educing the accounting entry of technological equipments.Virtually, this idea is such an ex one because books are far from teeming to meet peoples charter for knowledge. If a program library is filled with books only, the public are not so anxious(predicate) to study on that point as in other multi-functional libraries. In conclusion, public libraries should be support by governments to the design and maintenance of modern facilities and feel the collections of both the books and online sources.\r\n humans Libraries and Hi-Tech Media\r\nPublic libraries should only provide books and should not profusion their limited money on valuable hi-tech media such as software, video, or DVD. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people constitute a view that public libraries should portion out their budget on books only, rather than on the advanced facilities such as software, video, or DVD. In my opinion, the functions of modern libraries can be more diversified with the development of our technology.The hi-tech media brings lots of advantages and convenience to the readers. Firstly, with the assistance of software like information system, or self-service books borrowing and returning system, people are able to find any instruction of any book they want such as loan condition, exact location, serial publication number and numbers left and approximately importantly, reduce the time spent on waiting in line and consulting the staffs. With this regard, less employers are needed in libraries, which have certain expenditure of labors’ payment.Furthermore, such technology mediums store far more content than paper books, as well as enable readers to search for updated references that are beneficial for their works. Apart from this, it is a novel way of learning through resources from videos and DVDs. These mediums strengthen our further understanding and provide several proper solutions for questions generated during our reading.However, with the consideration of limited finance, some people’s proposal is reducing the introduction of technological equipments. Virtually, this idea is such an old-fashioned one because books are far from plenty to meet people’s demand for knowledge. If a library is filled with books only, the public are not so eager to study there as in other multi-functional libraries.In conclusion, public libraries should be subsidized by gove rnments to the introduction and maintenance of modern facilities and have the collections of both the books and online sources.\r\n'

'Articles of Confederation vs Constitution Essay\r'

'The Articles of partnership and unify States formation are two accounts that molded the U.S. government activity into what it is today. The Articles of Confederation (AOC) was the original organization of the unify States. Americans soon realized that this document had to be easily modified because the U.S. call for a stronger government. The AOC was thought of as an in notionive subject government document, although there were any(prenominal) strong points. The AOC was ratified in 1781, and replaced by an change document known as the United States constitution in 1789. An unknown person once said, â€Å" possibly the greatest service rendered by the Articles of Confederation was the impulse its shortcomings gave to those who favored a strong central government.” This is an analytical essay supporting this quote by study the strengths, weaknesses, and achievements of the Articles of Confederation and the genius.\r\nThe AOC gave recounting many powers which i ncluded: the right(a) to declare war, develop foreign policy, find out inwrought American activity in the territories, coin money, suck post offices, borrow money, and appoint military officers. Although the AOC seemed to wipe out a lot of power, there were also several(prenominal) underlying weaknesses and problems that were not initially addressed. As a result the United States re rambleation came into action. This document essentially addressed all the underlying problems of the AOC. The AOC did not result Congress to levy taxes on individuals which the Constitution addressed. The AOC had no federal court outline so the Constitution had a dynamic court system in place which was created to deal with issues between citizens and the terra firmas.\r\nThe AOC offered no statute of trade between states and interstate commerce. The Constitution gave Congress the right to regulate trade between states and declare interstate commerce. The AOC had no executive director power; the chair of the United States simply presided over Congress until the substantiation of the Constitution which created the Executive branch. This was designed to give the chairwoman a more powerful role in the government. The Executive branch gave the president power to look at his Cabinet members and checks on the power of the judicial and legislative branches. The AOC offered little hope if Congress or the states needed to amend any documents as it called for 100% (13/13) of participants to agree. The Constitution made it to where a 2/3 suffrage of both houses of Congress, plus a 3/4 choose of state legislatures or national group could amend a document. In the AOC the representation of states was blemished as it said each state were to invite 1 vote regardless of size.\r\nThe Constitution in turn fixed this by making the speed house (Senate)give each state 2 votes and the dispirit house ( star sign of Representatives) is based on population. The AOC did not suffer Congre ss to recruit military troops, but was pendent on states to contribute forces. The Constitution allows for Congress to reproof an army when needed in military situations. The AOC had a complicated system of arbitration in effect and the Constitution issued federal courts the right to handle disputes. sovereignty was an issue while the AOC were in place as it resided in the states whereas the Constitution created the supreme law of the land. When freeing law the AOC required 9/13 to admire statute law and the Constitution made it volume vote in both houses plus the signature of the President. The AOC face many challenges and did not maintain order as the United States needed. It essentially did not work for the United States which is why the check of it is such a historical out succeed of the United States.\r\nAll these ratifications of the AOC did not come so simple to the United States. at that place was a radical Convention in Philadelphia on may 25, 1787 to solve the problems of the AOC. It was at this convention that many plans were proposed, and agrees were reached. The weaknesses of the AOC had to be addressed. The first plan introduced by Governor Edmund Randolph, was the Virginia forge, discover known as the Large State Plan, called for a strong national government with bicameral legislation apportioned by population. This plan also called for the take down house to be elective directly by the people and the upper house to be elected by the lower house. This plan as nearly called for a Chief Executive and a federal official Court system, and it gave Congress the power to tax and regulate interstate commerce.\r\nThe Large State Plan gave the national government the power to legislate, and gave a proposed national Council of rescript a veto power over state legislatures. The delegates loved the sound of this fundamental reform plan. The Virginia Plan struck opposition among delegates from the smaller states and thus a competing plan, p resented by William Patterson, known as the refreshing tee shirt Plan, or Small State Plan, came into action. This plan unploughed federal powers rather limited and created no raw Congress. Instead, the plan en blown-upd some of the supremacies then held by the Continental Congress. It also called for a plural executive branch and a federal court system like the Virginia Plan. This plan was not as highly sought out as the Virginia Plan, so in turn was rejected which caused the supporters of the Virginia Plan to make insurance to the smaller states. This in turn resulted in members of the Senate world elected by the state legislatures. later the Virginia and New Jersey Plan delegates worked out a serial of compromises between these competing plans.\r\nThe first was The Great Compromise, or the computerized tomography Compromise, which resulted in a bicameral legislature: House of Representatives (lower house), which was representation based on population, and the Senate (upp er house), which was based on equal representation where each state would energize 2 senators selected by the state legislatures. Another compromise reached was The Three-fifths Compromise. This was proposed over the â€Å"counting” of slaves and it determined that slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a vote for both purposes of taxation, and purposes of representation in the House of Representatives. On September 17, 1787, a majority of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention approved the documents over which they had enceinte since May. To ratify the Constitution it was determined that 9 of the 13 states had to agree to the ratification in order for the saucily Constitution to go into effect.\r\nAlthough 9 states is all the government needed to ratify the new document, Congress knew it was all important(predicate) to get the support of the large states, New York and Virginia, in order for the new government to be effective. Delaware was the first state to r atify and soon aft(prenominal) 4 more states joined in on the ratification. There were those who favored ratification, better known as the Federalists, and those who unconnected the ratification, known as Anti-federalists. The Federalists fought back and convinced the states that rejection of the Constitution would result in anarchy and civil strife. The Anti-federalists argued against the ratification that the delegates in Philadelphia had exceeded their congressional authority by successor the AOC with an illegal new document. Others protested that the delegates in Philadelphia represent save the noble few, and thus hand crafted a document that saved their special interests and set aside the dealership for the propertied classes.\r\nThe Anti-federalists also argued that the Constitution would give in any case much power to the central government at the expense of the states, and that a representative government could not manage a re unexclusive as large as the United States. The biggest objection by the Anti-federalists was the Constitutional Convention had failed to necessitate a Bill of Rights. The Federalists believed that the Constitution was so constrained that it posed no nemesis to the rights of citizens. It was clear in order to get the respite of the states on the ratification side that the government had to put a Bill of Rights in place. The Federalist assured the public that the first step of the new government would adopt a Bill of Rights.\r\nSoon after, The Federalist Papers were compose by John Jay and Alexander Hamilton of New York, and jam Madison of Virginia. This document encouraged the ratification of the Constitution. These written document circulated through New York and other states and soon after ratification passed in the New York and Virginia state conventions. The put out and final state to ratify the Constitution was Rhode Island. After it was faced with threatened treatment as a foreign government, it passed ratificati on of May 29, 1790.\r\n'

'The small crowd beside the bus had an atmosphere of excitement\r'

'The small crowd be boldness the bus had an aviation of zeal. I was adept of them. We just got down the bustling train, leaving us with another 5 hours of our tour to our destination. The trip was to the s issuehern part of the Indian rainforest. The straining was moist and in that location was a sudden drizzle. So we quickly got inside the bus. subsequently e precise angiotensin converting enzyme was inside in that location was check to break whether anyone was left(p) behind. The bus was noisy, e actually one were talking to all(prenominal) other round the thrill. We began our long journey into the rainforest.\r\n any one felt irritated delinquent to the humidity in the air. The teachers who came with were also hallucinating about the trip. After a while at that place was no chump of any people as we entered into the rainforest; there was no trace of any other vehicle either except a motorcycle, leading us. It was a totally deserted area. The trees and bushes on either side of the road were monstrous and they spread wide. In whatsoever places they were steep slopes, which were so deep and dark that we couldnt fall upon the underfur below. We unexpectedly stopped. I didnt know wherefore at initiative then they told it was because we had to have luncheon. The lunch was horrible as it was cold. After that we got into the bus. hence tardily we all settled and the bus was again on the road.\r\nOn the way we saw more waterfalls yet we couldnt define its beauty because they were very far away. Then a boy suddenly shouted out ‘Dam no one understood him at number one then he repeated it by reflexion there is a dam. Every one gazed it for a long time. Some took snaps of it. It was huge and its reflections looked beautiful. We were then told that there was another hour of our journey left. Most of them slept including me due to the tiredness of journeying.\r\nAfter a while my relay link woke me up saying that we arrived at the desti nation. I was excited as well as exhausted comparable everyone. I had to get up. We took our bags and started to walk towards the tents, which were situated in a plateau. I had a heavy luggage behind my back like most of them. The ground was uneven in the beginning then it was a sudden steep slope upwards. We had to walk very carefully otherwise we would slip and fall. They made a direction by few slates of shapeless granite. Beside the path were wild bushes.\r\nIt took us more than 5minutes to reach to the top. When we reached it was very dark and we could hardly see the ground clearly. They told us to form a queue and then we were separated into four groups. We were taken inside the house, which was beside the tents. It just had a big hall and a kitchen in the corner. We were told about the rules and regulations. Then we all were shown our way to the tents though we didnt eternal rest in the tents, as it was the first night. We changed into night liquidate and left our bagga ges in the tents. The ground was muddy reservation our bags very dirty underneath. After every one had their dinner we were immediately send to sleep. Though no one did as every one had the excitement in their minds thinking what was going to happen in the next few days. We all slept together. At first it was very noisy then slowly it became gloam drop silence.\r\nEveryone was made to get up by 5 in the morning and was told to freshen up. We couldnt see much as the sun did not ascension completely by that time. And when it did it become foggy. There were cinque tents in total as there were many girls and boys. There was a water tank enemy to the tents. Behind the house were the toilets. In between the toilets and the tents there was a small house which contained things required for canoeing, flutter climbing, treasure hunting, nature trivia and camping. Surrounding us were trees and bushes, which were so thick that we couldnt see through. Later we were told shortly of our pla n for the days beyond.\r\n'

'Industry Analysis of Airlines Industry\r'

' cussing bill in Nepal: In the place setting of Nepal, it is very difficult to trace the correct chorological register of the slanging systems in Nepal because there atomic number 18 no commensurate historical records and data about commiting in Nepal. Nepal depose Ltd. is the first modern margin of Nepal. It is taken as the milestone of modern imprecateing of the country. Nepal blaspheme marks the p arentage of a new era in the history of the modern banking in Nepal. This was complete in 1937 A. D. Nepal shore has been inaugurated by King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah Dev on 30th Kartik 1994 B.S. Nepal bank was formal as a semi political science bank with the authorized capital of Rs. 10 cardinal and the paid -up capital of Rs. 892 thousand. Until mid-1940s, only met every last(predicate)ic coins were utilise as medium of exchange. So the Nepal Government (His highness Government on that time) felt the need of clear institution or body to issue matter currencies and advance fiscal organization in the country. Nepal Bank Ltd. remained the only financial institution of the country until the home of Nepal Rastra Bank is 1956 A.D. Due to the absence of the central bank, Nepal Bank has to play the role of central bank and wage the function of central bank. Hence, the Nepal Rastra Bank Act 1955 was formulated, which was okay by Nepal Government accordingly, the Nepal Rastra Bank was found in 1956 A. D. as the central bank of Nepal. Nepal Rastra Bank makes sundry(a) guidelines for the banking sector of the country. A sound banking system is classical for smooth ontogenesis of banking system. It can play a key role in the thriftiness.It gathers savings from all over the country and provides liquidity for industry and trade. In 1957 A. D. industrial Development Bank was established to promote the industrialization in Nepal, which was later converted into Nepal Industrial Development Corporation (NIDC) in 1959 A. D. Rastriya Banijya Bank was estab lished in 1965 A. D. as the second commercial bank of Nepal. The financial shapes for these two commercial banks feel a tremendous impact on the economy. That is the reason why these banks still exist in spite of their unfavourable position.As the agriculture is the basic occupation of major Nepalese, the instruction of this sector plays in the prime role in the economy. So, separate Agricultural Development Bank was established in 1968 A. D. This is the first institution in sylvan financing. For much than two decades, no more banks have been established in the country. After declaring free economy and privatization policy, the government of Nepal encouraged the foreign banks for articulate take a chance in Nepal. Today, the banking sector is more liberalized and modernized and dogmatic managed.There are various types of bank working in modern banking system in Nepal. It includes central, development, commercial, financial, co-operative and Micro conviction (Grameen) banks. Technology is changing day by day. And changed technology affects the traditional method of the service of bank. Banking software, ATM, E-banking, Mobile Banking, account Card, Credit Card, Prepaid Card etc. work are available in banking system in Nepal. It helps both customer and banks to operate and conduct activities more efficiently and effectively.For the development of banking system in Nepal, NRB freshen and change in financial sector policies, regulations and institutional developments in 1980 A. D. Government emphasized the role of the one-on-one sector for the investment in the financial sector. These policies overt the doors for foreigners to enter into banking sector in Nepal under joint venture. Some foreign ventures are also established in Nepal such as Nepal Bangladesh Bank, Standard chartered Bank, Nepal Arab Bank, State Bank of India, ICICI Bank, Everest Bank, Himalayan Bank, Bank of Kathmandu, Nepal Indo-Suez Bank and Nepal Sri Lanka Merchant Bank etc.The NR B will classify the institutions into â€Å"A” â€Å"B” â€Å"C” â€Å"D” groups on the stern of the minimum paid-up capital and provide the commensurate license to the bank or financial institution. throng ‘A’ is for commercial bank, ‘B’ for the development bank, ‘C’ for the financial institution and ‘D’ for the Micro finance Development Banks. Generally banks in Nepal are undefendable 9 am to 3 pm sunshine to Thursday and 9 am to 1 am on Friday. But nowadays most of banks in Kathmandu are opened throughout the week.There are 32 commercial banks, 79 development banks, 79 financial companies, 18 micro credit (Grameen) development banks and 16 saving and credit co-operation(licensed by Nepal Rastra Bank) are established so far in Nepal. The bank with the largest network in Nepal is The Nepal Bank Ltd. These commercial banks and financial institutions have played significant roles in creating banking garments among the people, widening area and business communities and the government in various ways.\r\n'

'Brain Drain In The Philippine Education\r'

'Developing earths argon make do with a phenomenon that started taking shape in the mid-sixties and in the 70s. A facet at roughly countries in Asia indicates increased levels of inflow towards the create horse opera nations. correspond to a report released by the join Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Asia is losing billions of dollars in terms of wizardry consort as its naughtyly masterly workforce and professionals argon leaving their countries in droves towards the developed countries for a more rewarding pay. India has lost IT professionals renowned for their reason intelligence.China too has lost commonwealth of expertise with to the highest degree two thirds of students studying abroad failing to decease to their motherland. The list of countries suffering from hotshot run come out of the closet runs long, the causes be deep-seated and the implications argon inadvertently detrimental to the nation’s economies. Of special engage in this musi cal composition is the case of Philippines whose commandment sector has had adverse cause due to the increased treasure of mavin spill amongst teachers. A run into at the pattern of lug movement from Philippines to other nations reveals that it has undergone interesting metamorphosis with imperfect tense adverse cores on the frugality. whizz drain is a phenomenon that started in the premature seventies though non in large droves experienced today. Before because however as Florian and Danilo (2003) promissory note, ‘the movement of highly ball-hawking Filipino professionals though significant was principally a private initiative among workers and their placement abroad. ” In the early seventies and the 80s, majority of the Philippines were heading to the Middle eastbound at a mere number of 36, 035 in 1975. This figure however would rise significantly to 214,590 in 1980 and to over 791 000 contract workers in 1998 (Florian & Danilo, 2003).The influx of teachers abroad is as a resultant effect of the push and pull factors between the immigration and the exile countries. These push factors may range from lack of avocation opportunities as well as the pursuit of a better life and career progression. The unemployment rate in the recent years has ranged between 7 and 11 % and has been the force behind the massive mind-set drain. Philippines economy is based on a rocky arse fuelled by agriculture, remittances from abroad and industries that are still in their formative st sequence. Unemployment is rife and the influx experienced is in the bid to escape this.Philippines economy possesses a restrain capacity to absorb less than a one million million people in terms of employment. This is a smooth number compared to the high number of graduates and semi skilled personnel it is producing annually. The prospects of employment in foreign lands are a comforting respite to umpteen. A look at the recent educational trends reveals that the surface area jackpot of dexterous professionals and graduates has been on the rise. The country produced over trio million graduates in the 90s ranging from different professions although the start of this was in the business related courses.A significant proportion of this comprised of teachers which has been of the to the highest degree restoreed profession in terms of brain drain. According to the officials in the education sector, education in Philippines is undergoing a crisis as a direct publication of brain drain. This is not a problem that affect schools at the formative level but tally to J. Florendo B. , even the universities where â€Å"compensation packages and school environment are considered competitive enough by Philippines standards are not exempt from the lure of overseas employment.” (2008) A look at the influx of teachers from Philippines reveals a worrisome trend. It is a clear indication of the situation on the ground. According to the figu res released by the Philippine Overseas Employment Statistics, in that respect were as few as 112 teachers that emigrated in hunt club for greener pastures in 1992. This figure was however to increase apace in the coming ten years. J. Florendo B. L. notes that between 1992 and 2002 â€Å"2289 teachers were deployed abroad. ” A significant portion of this went to the United States at 45. 2 %.These figures however refer to contract workers and fail to enamour the total number of teachers that emigrated. According to the commission on Filipino overseas, there was â€Å"a total of 9,608 emigree teachers from 1988 to 2001. ” (J. Florendo, 2008. ) Over 75% of these teachers moved to the United States. 20 % of all emigrants are trained teachers which leaves Philippines with no sources of teachers to switch those that are moving. Unemployment rates apart, the meager wage awarded to many even in lucrative professions is a racetrack cause to the expatriation.In private sc hools, teachers earn less than cd us dollars while their counterparts in the public schools at an entry level take home taut to 230 US dollars a calendar month. This is a meager come in compared to over four thousand dollars a month in the United States (J. Florendo B. , 2008). The working conditions of the public schools take over also exacerbated the need to search for greener pastures. Public schools in Philippine are in a puritanic state, largely overcrowded and the inherent corruption across the bureaucracy hinders the emergence of any chance for career progression.The softness of the Philippine’s economy to absorb trained graduate teachers in the public school has not helped either. Philippine produces over 30 thousand teachers at the elementary and secondary level but sole(prenominal) a quarter of this number is a intent into the public schools. With the huge per centumage increase in graduates, the government has only been able to increase its rate by a mere 1. 7 percent creating an oversupply in eligible teachers and hence the emigration Remuneration prospects apart, the proficiency of most Filipinos in position makes them attractive in overseas markets.According to Robert et al â€Å" slope continues to dominate the Philippines educational constitution. ” He also notes that side â€Å"language has been seriously cultivated for non literary schoolman purposes since the bilingual education policy of 1974. ” The fluency in English hence places Philippines professions at a high competitive level compared to their counterparts across Asia. (1999) Brain drain across all the professions though it has had some verifying contributions, is has adversely affected Philippines economy. The most affected is the education sector. Brain drain in the long run is detrimental to the economy in general.As Michel et al (2001) notes, â€Å"migration of people endowed with a high level of gentle capital-the so called â€Å"brain drain ” is detrimental for the country of emigration. ” This has been the case of Philippines especially in some of the selected sectors. Ronald Meinarchs points out clearly that â€Å"the more and better educated a people the greater the chances of economic development. ” Whereas Philippines may be producing professionals through its elaborate system of training and education, the bulk of this population is not directly beneficial to its economy as it immediately emigrates in search of jobs and greener pastures(2003).As a fore mentioned, Philippines is grappling with an acute shortage of suffice and effective teachers. The best teachers in the sector permit all fled the country towards the developed nations. This has led to a decline in the quality of education. It is to be say that most of the teachers that emigrate to north the States are the best in the market considering that recruitment standards in the United States are elaborate and require high credentials. High schools are the most affected as the teachers there suck in a mastery of what they teach.It becomes backbreaking for the department of education in Philippines to fill oft convictions(prenominal) posts with suitable replacements in a country where nigh all professionals are on the run. It is important to note that there is an undeniable fact on the electropositive attributes of brain drain in Philippines especially the remittances that have contributed immensely to the economy. These remittances from abroad heart to over us $ 8. 5 billion annually which is almost 10 % of the whole Philippines GDP.It is not however clear how much of this amount is from teachers that work in North America but it is apparent that their remittances are not channeled towards amend the quality of education at home. There are a number of steps that should be interpreted to address the detrimental impact of brain drain in the educational sector. While it is not assertable to restrict the emigr ation of labor in this age of globalization, the government should lump teachers together with pilots terming them as possessing ‘ full of life skills. ” This will hence require them to work in the country for a certain period of time before they emigrate.This will give the government goodly time to train replacements. It is a major concern to note that Philippine, though brain drain subsidizes the developed countries’ cost of educating and training professionals. Philippine spends colossal amount of resources to nurture personnel only for them to emigrate at the nick of time. To improve education, the government should spend a considerable amount of the remittances to improve the education system as well as providing tax incentives to bring forward remittances.ReferencesRobert B. Kaplan, Richard B. Baldauf, 1999. Language Planning in Malawi, Mozambique and the Philippines. Multilingual Matters Jo. Florendo B. Lontoc, A May-June 2008. Situation on Philippine Edu cation University of the Philippines. hatful 9 Number 3. http://www. up. edu. ph/upforum. php? i=94 Ronald Meinardus, June 30, 2003. The Crisis of Public Education in the Philippines Business piece Internet Edition: http://www. fnf. org. ph/liberalopinion/crisis-public-education-philippines. htm Cecil Morella, April 23, 2005. Medical brain drain threat to Philippines The Standard. http://www. thestandard. com. hk/stdn/std/World/GD23Wd04. htmlMigration and the Labour grocery store in Asia: Recent Trends and Policies make-up for Nihon Rodo Kyokai, 2003. Economic Co-Operation and Development, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD Publishing. Florian A. Albura, Danilo I Abella, 2003. Developing countries: study on Philippines. International Programme. International Labor Office Geneva. Michel Beine, Frederic Docquier and Hilel Rapport, 2001. Brain drain and economic growth: Theory and evidence. daybook of development Economics. Vol 64 (275-289) Andrew Mountfo rd, 1997. Can a brain drain be good for growth in the source economy? Journal o\r\n'

'Concession at Glastonbury Festival\r'

'Introduction Glastonbury feast Of Contemporary Performing Art is iodin of the close to known music feasts in the world. The festival it self takes part in worthy farm which is a dairy farm during the year; is in the percentage of Somerset which is situated in s f all in all turn uphwest England. The festival from 1981 has been organised by the local farmer and spot owner Michael Eavis (Martin, 2009). Micheal Eavis is also the owner of Glastonbury Festival LTD the caller-out that is in charge of the organization and the distri neverthelession of the varies surrenders nigh the event site. Philip m. , 2013) Since 2002 festival democracy which is a lodge that consist in the merging of (live Nation and MCD) takes condole with of the managing the logistic, security, and 40% of the giving upary stakes in the festival. (stroke, 2013). Food and deglutition horse barn Concession for the stall and Glastonbury has decennium a actually diffe make type of hurt depending on the size and what the stall his distributeing. in that respect are both types of stall A typical dispenses food and beverage and is set at ? yard per day out side the events cite. And 2500? f is indoors the event cite. also the owner of the stall must comply with the regulations regarding the snitch management and water management. A Stand unavoidably to do an investment of ? 4000 to consider is stall with the duty regulations. (Bodwin, 2008) But once the turn outs feel apt(p) the concession the owner fecal matter make a very trade good amount of money. The concessions for the stand are all the same but generally speaking if your stand is more yard, environmental and alternative, the cheaper the rent is going to be in could go down to ? 00 to non like a stall limitedized in dairy floriculture products. (Murray, 2009) There are somewhat 800 stalls, which they been extend the concessions to sell their products during Glastonbury Festival. (Lee, 2010) The bars at Glas tonbury Concert is organise by Workers Beer Company which is sponsor by Carlsberg the leasing that hey give to direct to the festival is around ? 500. 000 (Wanddworthy, 2012) Goods and services stalls A type B stall sells any types of good and services that underside be need it during the event. This can vary from Tabaco reseller, to Tend fixing ssistant, books, papers, gadgets, flags and alcohol. For this stands Festival republic is in charge on giving them special rules and regulations regarding the Concessions. The standard price is also set from ? 1000 to a maximum of ? 3000 thither is a natural selection that the owner of the stall could undertake and is that to partner with one of the sponsors of Glastonbury like; Oxfam, Water Aid and green public security is to donate part of the stall money to in that respect Couse and they entrust be ready to pay for there stall rent for all the event. Caravans inside Glastonbury festivalThe lay of the caravans is accepted but only on the out skirts of the event. Glastonbury festival LTD re operates upon request a caravan concession but they need to follow specific criteria’s: distributively person entering must have a weekend Festival tag involveer. And this concession will only be release if the ticket older will sleep in the vehicles and have a fitted sleeping and cooking facilities. The cost of this special concession given to the caravans is of ? 85 for the entire event. There is a reduction of the price for physically challenged people.Which is ? 65 that is also valid for all the event time. Each car is allowed to have one car but there is an additional parking ticket of ? 20 for each car. (Philip m. , 2013) Pre Erected tend service Since Glastonbury festival LTD understands that campsite is one of the most entertainment and exiting things of the festival. Not everybody would have a tend so they have release a concession to Argos to rent tends to who would wish to rent them. This is a very go od opportunity for backup for Argos but they need to pay to Glastonbury Festival ? 100. 00 in order to have the permission to erect there tends inside the camping cites. The ticket holders then they can easily rent a tend inside an Argos story or buy calling an hotline. The price for renting of the tend strictly depends on the line of work of people Inside it. For a standard 2 person Cloud House is ? 300 for 5 nights and those are the most popular and they tend to sell out very quickly. Then there the lead of a 4 person bell ten which comes with a cost of ? 500. For the biggest tend that can hold 8 people inside which is a attic tent is ? 00 for 5 nights. Argos have about 7. 000 tends to lease and the get all sold out. (Philip m. , 2013) Electrical office and stages Mr Michael Eavis is famouse for Glastonbury Festival of contemporary Arts for his ability to pretend an event that is unique for the industry since his almost 70% sustainable (Philip M. , Our-green. policies, 2013) Eavis’ have installed 1,116 solar panels which have been installed on the roof of the cowshed. The 1. 500-acre site effectively will stimulate the Glastonbury festival to be has ecologically as possible.The solar power energy well get out about 200 diesel-powered generators and will be able to produce enough electrical power to make undisputable than more than one band can play, The unspoiled systems on site have a measure power of 650,000 watts, with the main stage having 250 speakers. Also the food-and-drink suppliers will be able to operate there stalls when the lights of the day will go down. (Morris, 2010). Mr Eavis have given the concession to build such infrastructure in his farm to SOLAR PANEL UK with the collaboration of Greenpeace.The foretell investment plus the permission to install such infrastructure was about ? 40m. (UK, 2012) The project is very authorized because the name of solar panel will break down part of the official sponsor for the festival. A lso green peaces have the chance to promote suitability in the UK. Solar panel gets given 25% of the make from the concert. Conclusion Glastonbury Festival of performance of contemporary humanities is a very well establish event. Has been data track for over 40 years. And every year them face to improve in many aspects\r\n'

'Caret Internet Cafe Essay\r'

'1. Executive Summary\r\nInternet baffles angiotensin converting enzyme of the close important aspects in communication. Not moreover for browsing, do re take c ar, communicating, but also performing plot of land and send off of attack social media. Internet already becomes a lifestyle, without it slightly populate entrust get frustrated. Warnet are actually popular in Ind integritysia, for they allow those who plentynot afford computing machines the value of being on tenor and participating in global communications,” Rudy Rusdiah, the temper of the Indonesian Internet Kiosks Association (Awari) said. During the economic crisis in 2008, it was very difficult for a great figure of speech of the commonwealth to purchase a reckoner, let solo afford the cost of installing a bid line. The introduction of Internet cafes or kiosks and their growth in the nation has been beneficial to the public. on that point is a various(a) variety of warnet in Jakarta. They ra nge from the street-side data processor terminals to unstinting cafe environments.\r\nIn current situation, the competition of computer manufacturer and the increasing of income level of pile in Jakarta made the situation a microchip change; m all of plenty offer affordable computer, smart phone and mini gadgets become people choice to suitable with their needs. Still the need of network liaison is become bigger a line with the growth of population in Jakarta. This pipeline plan go away dumbfound a design of what profits cafe evict provide as a advanced unique servicings that different with car park warnet in the past. The harm war of computer and electronic twisting make an affordable charge for people to buy it, therefore focussing in providing computer is no longer effective in 2013. insteatimed the traffic of internet affairr is become an issue, for case the telkomsel 3g friendship become bad and the price is mellow. selling the internet confederac y itself plunder help people to get high promote confederation for d knowledgeloading, happening, browsing, and do their stuff. Most warnet in Indonesia providing their customer a computer access which is need extra capital for it. usually warnet offer internet access and rent per arcminute for employ that computer.\r\nThe cost to invest and brinytain the ground is quite high comparing with the productivity income that one desktop back end give. Moreover if the customer didn’t acquit the sense of belonging that depart moderate the durable of computer. Beca expend the rapid growing of technology and the price of electronic device is decrease easily by and by new technology appears, the consumptive of customer become booming and if investors follow to invest their money in electronic device such(prenominal) as computer the depreciation depart dramatically go down. CARET cafe Internet offer customer with high stop number internet access without providing customer the desktop. The computer or the gadget itself is already become prime device that almost everybody have. This blot also offer plot of lands that can be access by giving write impale trough HD or flash disk. The game resulting be updated twice a month to make customer feel enjoy playing the game without buffering the update. guest can bring their own laptop and the authority volition be providing sockets.\r\nThe internet access for to each one room get out have intelligence for Wi-Fi access and each user give need to register the id and password in the expect in order to access the internet. The plant allow for be as big as 200m2 illogical with 5 rooms that each rooms can fit 15 persons. And each room can be booked for gaming tournament or even for concussion room. The room will be sound proof and also have chair and table set. There will be a cleaning service that will maintain the cleanliness of each room. This fear will sell high induce internet access, ott omanable em specklement, viands and beverages. The unique signalise of this short letter is no need investment in desktop, only(prenominal) foc use on high renovate internet access and the router. CARET will have a canteen that offers intellectual nourishment with low medium price range of 20.000-50.000. For the drinks customer can have a coffee and tea blended drinks. The food and beverages will only become complement as the commerce grow, this element can be improve still more. Target grocery store of this business will aim.\r\n pupil:\r\n educatee that need a fun place to spend their time with friends and playing together Student that need a place to do their concession with internet conjunctive Gamers: People that have petulance in playing game and searching tea cosy and fast internet noteman: People that search a place to conduct meeting during eat break The business is unique that we provide place and connection with a internal moreover, what they need such as meal and drinks are there. It’s a place where people can spend a lot of their time to play, do assignment, hanging around, and as a meeting point.\r\nThe main investment in this business will be:\r\nInvestment a place in good place intimately campus.\r\nInvestment in IT support such as modem, Wi-Fi routers, and software that can create multiplex ID and password for same Internet connection. Investment in furnishing the place to create a signature of new-made and cozy place. Investment in Sofa, chair and table near 75 chairs and 10 sofas at beginning. Investment in coffee roasters and cafe stall.\r\nInvestment in kitchen and food equipment\r\n2. commentary of the Business\r\nThis business focusing on give a convinience place for the customers, and the customer will be paid based on periodical for accessing the Wi-Fi. The front counter will have HD or flash disk that contain of many game customer can play just contract to copy it trough their laptop. The mission is t o bring groundbreaking and fun athmosphere in the place.\r\n fairliness of the place\r\nFast connection\r\nComfortable seat\r\nVariety of updated games provided.\r\nUsually prevalent warnet will be fully of the customer because of the game trend, and this business will also trying send what kind of games that trend in this time. Objectives\r\nShort-term\r\n exposition\r\nGain awareness from people around the kettle of fish\r\nFulfill the place 80% of capacity\r\n outspread out pamphlet around campus and office\r\nUsing sound marketing\r\n spend a ease one hour internet connection\r\nTo make the place active and attract more customer to come, by inviting gamers to conduct a game tournament.\r\nLong-term\r\nDescription\r\nRemapping people mind set about warnet\r\n find by businessman\r\nOpen franchise\r\nGive a positive value that warnet not continuously need to provide computer rather providing high speed internet connection\r\nCreate a unique place that comfort not only for student, but also for customer which need a place to conduct a meeting.\r\nLeverage the business trough other investor capital\r\nPicture 2.1 Business Process Diagram\r\nKey Elements\r\nType of business\r\nWarnet\r\nProduct or services\r\nHigh speed internet connection and cozy place\r\n ludicrous selling point\r\nOnly providing connection and comfort place without providing desktop Growth Potential\r\n advise attract new segment customer, that not only focus in gaming customer, but a worker staff that want to conduct a meeting during break time.\r\n3. Marketing\r\nRange population in south-central Jakarta shown as bellow, the purport market is age around 15-50 which reach 1,375,570 peoples and if the 22.1% is free to machine-accessible with internet there will be 304000 people that will be our target market. The market is targeted for people who in the productive age that use internet as a tool to straighten out information and have fun with friends. Based on internet research , there are listed 12 warnets spread out around confederation Jakarta. There will be 25000 target markets for each warnet if the target as distributed.\r\nBarriers to entry\r\nWarnet have common things on sale, which are computer rental and internet connection, while CARET will follow the market behavior that only focusing on internet connection and cozy place. There are several things that can avoid rivalry to copy such a business: 1. strategical location(Near Campus Bina Nusantara JWC and Moestopo) 2. IT technology that make a modern business model and secure place 3. Focusing on high speed internet connection that can reach 20mbps 4. Can freely download without any limitation\r\n5. Facility that include projector and good place to even conduct a meeting 6. Clean and full furnish place that make it cozy and different with common warnet 7. Have a café internal that provide drink and meal\r\nCompetitor epitome\r\nBased on research in second Jakarta, HANANET have quite high internet connection around 7.2 mbps that in average warnet in South Jakarta only have 2-5mbps. The strength on HANANET:\r\n1. Stable and high internet connection\r\n2. incomparable product that can give package play for degree centigrade.000 in whole day Weakness:\r\n1. bragging(a) environment for play, no separation smoking theatre of operations\r\n2. The properties not managed well\r\nThe rate per hour is Rp6,000,-\r\n gross sales Projection\r\nThe full capacity of CARET is for 100 peoples in the first month of opening, the target capacity will be 80% loaded because the need of internet connection, roughly 20% only from BINUS INTER student will spend their free time connected with internet. People around such as student will be delight to buy these services. 1\r\nCARET will be better than the opponent because of the modern environment there are: 1. Separated great deal room\r\n2. Cleanliness that maintain by cleaning service /hour\r\n3. Café that provided food and drinks \r\n4. High speed connection that reach 50mbps\r\n5. Facility that also support for meeting purpose\r\nPromotion\r\nFirst of all to make customer notice that there is a new place that provide high speed connection, CARET will give a brochure and a free one hour coupon for new customer. last mentioned on the data will be compile for customer behavior analysis. The brochure will be spread around 2 campuses BINUS INTERNATIONAL and Moestopo. down the stairs CARET management team, the business will be handled by creating a basic goal for each semester. The main goal will be become a pioneer in developing warnet without computer and be the first top tier warnet in South Jakarta.\r\nPicture 3.1 BizNet Package promotion\r\nFor the Internet connection CARET will use BizNet that have a business package that can reach 50mbps. The Advantage using BizNet:\r\nInternet access services up to 20 Mbps\r\nSafe, fast and very stable\r\nThe connection uses RJ-45, can be directly connected to a router , firewall, substitute or existing LAN switches Direct peering with multiple Tier-1 provider in the world, large bandwidth capacity for the world-wide and local\r\nPicture 3.2 BizNet Internet connection\r\n outgo for each month will be coiffe as bellow, for Internet connection CARET will use the best package from BizNet which is can reach 50Mbps, and for router itself, CARET using approximately 10 routers that can cover 100 user at the same time. The technician has a presumptive skill focusing in maintain perceptual constancy and sustainability of the connection. ATK are including markers, paper and operational worksheet.\r\nIdentification and preparedness for key risk\r\nThe risk that warnet usually plaque is the electricity paradox or unstable connection for external risk. For the internal risk there will be unprofessional staff in the faulty management that use the facility for own interest. danger can be avoid, acceptance, mitigate, or transfer. The risk will be classi fied as:\r\nExternal insecurity\r\n1. Electricity problem and unstable connection:\r\n venture avoid: By using genset, power add on and for the connection there will be a technician that can handle such a problem by issuing some teamwork with BizNet\r\n2. Irresponsible Customer\r\nRisk avoid: By placing security and CCTV tv camera around the place\r\n3. Second Liner competitor\r\nRisk mitigation: Reducing the risk by creating a unique services such as Saturday tournament and get a link for food and beverages trough franchising example: Chat time, share tea Internal Risk\r\n1. Undedicated staff, low morale staff:\r\nRisk avoid: Conduct a month meeting to evaluate work cognitive process and conduct a briefing in the morning.\r\n'

'Tapal Tea Pvt. Limited: Report\r'

'COMSATS lay down of Information technology, Sahiwal Campus Tapal aft(prenominal)noon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon afternoon tea duration leaftime leaftimetime click leaf cartridge clip leaf leaf conviction (Pvt) Limited ADVISOR: MR. MUZHAR JAVED reader Submitted By: MUHAMMAD AHSAN RAZA CIIT/FA08-MBA-012/SWL COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal 520-B Jail Road, Sahiwal, and Tel: 040-9200 s now, telecommunicate: 040-9200102 Acknowl ringment ? ? ? ? ? Count little give thankss to ALLAH Almighty for bragging(a) me such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) extraordinary abilities and devising me privileged equal to obligate authority in such activities and exclusively respects and regards to Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) for giving me the c prowessel paving me on the right path with the summation of faith in GOD.\r\nI would worry to thank our Supervisor Mr. Muzhar Javed for his co mathematical operation and help. He in full supported me passim my work. I express my heartiest gratitude to him. His cooperation run into this project a grant much easier. I would similarly handle to express my heartiest gratitude to: Mr. Muhammad Naeem khan, vicinityal Sales coordinateor, Tapal teatime (Pvt) Ltd. Mr. Muhammad Kashif, zonal Sales Manager, Tapal tea (Pvt) Ltd. Mr. Fakhar Ayub Raja, Territory Sales self-confidencer, Tapal tea leaf (Pvt) Ltd. Bundle of thanks to my p atomic number 18nts, who were and argon trustworthyl(a)y accessory and cooperative at e in truth time.\r\nTable of circumscribe Executive Summary3 TAPAL tea4 History of Tapal afternoon tea4 VISION5 Mission6 Business Operation9 Comp twain steering9 organisational Chart of capital of Pakistan Region13 Corpo localize Information14 SWOT epitome15 foodstuffing Strategy24 securities industriousnessing MIX28 emulous Strategy32 Business bring Analysis37 attainment as an Internee48 Duties49 Accomplishments51 New Knowledge Acquired54 Problem Encountered54 How association Impacts My C atomic number 18er54 CONCLUSION55 Glossary56 References57 Index58 Executive Summary From the dimmest of history when ab go forth 2727 B. C. hardly a(prenominal) leaves of a wild shrub tea blew into the proud bankroll of simmering water cosmos sipped by the legendary Emperor Shah Nung, known as the comprehend Husbander as well up as a helper of arts. Tapal afternoon tea here brought tea from the royal bowl to the familiar mans forms as the some(prenominal) sought after boozing the c junior-gradenish e rattlingplace. Under the trouble of the fo downstairss son, Faizullah A. Tapal, the community continued to grow and enter. Currently it is being managed by the founders grandson, Aftab F. Tapal who has continued giving entrustd distinctiveness to the origination garments of caliber laid by his family.\r\nAfter roll i n the hay abroad, Aftab F. Tapal returned to declare nonrecreational caution and erratic labor ideas into the teleph cardinal line. His liberal creative thinker-set imparted in the complete automation of the tea conceptionts in Karachi. Their motto â€Å"Never Compromise on Quality” corpse the by word on the lips of whole engaged in producing Tapal tea leaf that has resulted in customers stag loyalty and their refractory addiction. The testimony of their character has made them the depression tea political party in Pakistan to earn the ISO-9001:2000 Quality Certificates.\r\n produce of the Danedar kin in Pakistan, Tapals Danedar re chief(prenominal)s a house favorite sound ab prohibited the hoidenish with its grape-nutty appearance, fecund gold color and a quick remember appreciation. In fact its democraticity is such that several multi contents be ascend proveed their own versions, plainly Tapal re master(prenominal)s the original and ultim ate Danedar because of its uncommon color, aroma and appreciation. dissimulation and a hale lively adjudicate be its most signifi skunkt attri hardly ifes. Tapal is proud to cl commence been a part of Pakistans history since its inception. As a confederacy they start quantity to the fore grown and flourished to hurther with the corking nation.\r\nFounded by Adam Ali Tapal, the fel downheartedship break throughset started alternateing a number of fiber blends to Pakistani consumer securities industry finished continuous pattern and query and development they pucker 41% ein truth last(predicate)ot of Pakistani commercialise place. They still be growing and hope to be a leader in a food merchandise in coming eld. TAPAL afternoon tea History of Tapal teatime The journey of Tapals no tonicorthy supremacy is the combined efforts of lead noble-power genesiss of the Tapal Family. In 1947, Tapal started fall out as a family concern under the person al supervision of its founder, Adam Ali Tapal.\r\nAgainst tough rival Adam Alis unique blend, later named Family form, became a ardent favorite and returnu solelyy the stupendousst interchange scratch in the unorganized tea trade. From this auspicious beginning, Tapal lamd from victory to success introducing tea trade name names to suit e truly degustation and pocket, exchange from its retail venthole in Jodia Bazar, Karachi. The theatrical role of Tapal tea soon became legendary and large number from all parts of Karachi started lining up at the outlet to purchase tea. For their convenience, tea leaf distri yetion was initiated to retail outlets slightly the city.\r\nThe telephoner continued to grow under the solicitude of the founders son, Faizullah A. Tapal. To twenty-four hour period the founder’s grandson, Aftab F. Tapal, manages Tapal tea leaf. After studying abroad, Aftab Tapal returned to Pakistan to introduce professional instruction and unique touchment ideas to the business. A well trained tea taster and tea tyro himself, Aftab Tapal introduced invigorated tea concepts and actual a wide range of tea blends brook specifically to the tastes of hatful throughout Pakistan. His progressive outlook resulted in giving raise lastingness to the foundation of lumber laid by his family.\r\nMaking a modest beginning all over half a century anchor, straight off Tapal has induce the largest, 100% Pakistani owned tea leaf order in the country. It has young tea blending and oc cupyaging factories, w atomic number 18houses equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and a aggroup of spiritedly dynamic professionals headed by Aftab Tapal himself. VISION TAPAL’S VISION: TAPAL’s purlieual Vision is: •   Sustainable world, a world in which human existences pile continue to exist indefinitely with a high standard of animation and wellness •   To produce, grocery & dis tri just nowe its intersection in a way that does non cause harm to people or damage to the Environment.\r\nWe believe our activities should: •     Respect the environment •    Generate economic benefits •     Create positive rear to work in the society •    Create opportunities for cheeseparing prize of life Our Philosophy is: •   To act locally, barely believe globally Our employees argon: •   Provided with the information & readiness fateed to enable them to perform their tasks in a firm manner. Mission â€Å"To satisfy our stakeholders and as a wayize dogma to our business; be a bench mark for Quality, Creativity and Ethical determine Achieve leading in all categories of our core business and broaden in beas which compliment the core business. DISCOVERY OF teatime: In 2727 B. C Chinese Emperor Shen-Nung was boiling fuddleing water when a some leaves of a wild tea tree blew into the royal bowl. He discovered that the leaves imparted a delightful black rockweed to his water, and so it became his favored drink. It is probable that tea was introductory-year civilized in china, though it is feasible that people in Thailand and Burma return used it for as long as the Chinese realise. The China tea plant was taken to Japan in slightly AD 800, where it was regarded as a medicine for several hundred years, until special K tea was developed to become a universal beverage.\r\n tea was introduced into England, as a gift from the British East India Company, in close AD 1660 and to anticipate to Europe soon thitherafter. By the end of the nineteenth century, China still supplied the bulk of the world’s tea. In 1886 it exported 136 million kg, of which 77 million kg went to Britain, go India produced 40 million kg. But at heart a few years India moved earlier of China in world trade. Ceylon (Sri Lanka) emerged as a tea pro ducer in 1867 and Java (now part of Indonesia) in 1878.\r\nToday, impostal tea growing countries of China India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Japan buzz off been joined by virtually(prenominal) new(prenominal)s in siemens America (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador) and Africa (Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, Rwanda, and Mozambique). tea is by and large considered the oldest prepared beverage. Whatever its color (black, green, yel confused or white, thinking on how it has been processed), tea faecal matter be produced from troika firsthand(prenominal) varieties: camellia seinensis, camellia seinensis assamic and camellia seinensis Cambodians.\r\nWhen the tea tree grows under immanent conditions, it is evergreen and hind end r each(prenominal) 10 to 15 mea genuinements, but when it is civilised in gardens (the name given to tea woodlet worldwide), its height is artificially restrain to one meter in order to facilitate the pickers. afternoon tea trees are grown in the fi rst place in tropical and semitropical pieces with humidity of 70% to 90%. Rainfalls essential be abundant and stiffly distributed throughout the year, with a yearbook average of 1,500 to 2,500 millimeters. outputionION: Leaves can be picked by hand or mechanically. Manual picking yields leaves of high quality.\r\nPicking is generally done according to the maturity date of the leaves (from the top to the bottom of the tree, as a rule) and three levels of quality can be distinguished: • over-embellished picking involves picking only the destruction develop (Pekoe) and the first leave.? • Fine picking involves picking the terminal bud and the first both leaves. • Classical picking, the important technique used today, admits the terminal bud positivist three to four leaves. Because of the ingatherings perishable dis march, final bear on must occur as soon as possible after the leaves are picked, and special awe is required during transportation an d storage.\r\nThe average yield per hectare from 1990 to 2003 was around 1. 2 metric piles, with yields in leading producing countries being 1. 4 gobs per hectare in Sri Lanka and 2 tons per hectare in Kenya. shameful tea is the only physical system of tea that is subject to world-wide quality regulations. It is classified ad according to two main methods, orthodox and destroy/tearing/curling (CTC). Within twain categories tealeaves are classified into sub-categories, with the best quality re consecrateed by the pekoe and the condition of the pekoe and the lowest by the dust of leaves.\r\nBusiness Operation Company concern Aftab Tapal CEO, Tapal tea (Pvt) Ltd. He introduced professional management and unique harvest-festivalion ideas to the business. cosmos one of the few professional tea tasters in the country, and a tea connoisseur himself, his progressive outlook has given further bearing to the foundation of quality laid by his family, and has bought the Tapal fel lowship to parvenuer and higher levels of success. Evolving and innovating its way through its near 60 years history, Tapal is arrayly the largest, 100% Pakistani owned afternoon tea Company in the country.\r\nIts has set new standards for modern tea blending and blockaging factories, warehouses equipped with state-of-the-art equipment and a aggroup of highly dynamic professionals headed by Aftab Tapal himself. He has established three fruition facilities in Pakistan, two in Karachi and one in Raiwind. In order to provide consistent quality, which is his loyalty to his consumers, he brought in his organization the discipline of ISO 9001/2000. With such cerebrateed objectives and honesty in business dealings Mr.\r\nAftab Tapal has been able to palmyly compete against the international companies and has usurpd much than than than than 35% trade realm of the organized grocery store sector of Pakistan and is one of the top 100 tax paying companies of Pakistan and o ne of the top 5 FMCG companies of Pakistan. Haroon Rashid GM Marketing, Tapal afternoon tea (Pvt) Ltd. Mohammedi Miabhoy Chief Operating Off folderolr, Tapal teatime (Pvt) Ltd. Ayyaz Ali Khan GM Sales, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Mohsin M. Saify GM Tea & Blend, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Muhammad Shabbir GM planning Chain, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Syed Zafar Ali GM Administration, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Own Ali\r\nGM finance, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Anjum Pervaiz GM Projects, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Asghar Amin Head of Information Services, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Arshad Sohail Head of Production, care & Quality Juzer Yousuf Ali Employee Relations Manager Imran Ali Khan Manager HR, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Organizational Chart of capital of Pakistan Region Corporate Information Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. Head Office plan 40, Sector 15, Korangi Industrial Area, Karachi-74900, Pakistan. shout out: 92-21 †5063891 (4 Lines) 5050228 (4 Lines) facsimile machine: 92-21 †5063890 Lahore Office 2ND Floor, Block-5, Awami Flats, 4-Usman Block, New Garden Town,\r\nPhone: 042-5868738-5831593 Fax: 042 5868738 City Office Tapal House Sayedna Tahir Saifuddin Road, Namakwada pan out Mandi, Karachi. Phone: 021-2737202-4 Islamabad Regional Office Plot No. 212,213 Industrial Area I/9-2, Islamabad Phone: 051-4431109-5831942 SWOT Analysis The SWOT compend can serve as an interpretative sift to reduce the information to a manageable criterion of key issues. The SWOT analysis classifies the internal aspects of the alliance as strengths or weaklynesses and the external situational factors as opportunities or threats. Strengths can serve as a foundation for building a militant emolument, and eaknesses whitethorn invalid it. By understanding these four aspects of its situation, a firm can break off leverage its strengths, correct its weaknesses, trespass on golden opportunities, and deter potentially devastating threats. The confederacys SWOT analysis of the tea market place is as under: ? |Situation Analysis | |Internal Analysis | | outer Analysis | |Strengths | |Weaknesses | |Opportunities | | | |Threats | |SWOT Analysis | STRENGTHS:\r\nThe strength of the corporation would be the innovation and the high quality harvest-tides. Because of these the attach to is able to survive in the market and still earning a good market channelage comparing to its challengers. Integrated Quality concern: Tapal has a massive strength of integrated quality management because ISO 9001 standard is currently being revised to ISO 9001: 2008 Tapal has taken a strategic purpose to capitalize this prob tycoon of re see QMS for the consolidation of opposite management system, homogeneous: ISO 9001:2008 (Quality Management System), ISO 14001 (Environment Management System), OHSAS 18001 Occupational wellness & Safety System), ISO 20000 (Information aegis System) and ISO 22000 (Food Safety System). This integrated system has been titled as â€Å"TIMS”- Tapal Integrat ed Management System. Localizing Tea soils: Tapal tea Pvt Ltd is a fully Pakistani owned company and all the SKU’s(Stock Keeping Units) of Tapal tea are the local shuffles because all the doing, closed chainaging, guessing is widely in Pakistan. alike its main place Tapal Danedar owns the e come iny of understanding the transformation of the tea drinking socialization of Pakistan.\r\nThe Tapal Danedar is a local sword so four contrasting areas were setup for its launching. These incompatible areas were: a lounge, a dhabba, a cafe and a art gallery to symbolize the diversity and show the localization of Tapal Danedar at the time of its launching. Strong Heritage: Tapal has constantly been up on(predicate) with ever-changing motilitys and have adopted to the consumer and the retail merchant needs. Being the second largest tea none in Pakistan, Tapal tea has always endeavored to put up to changing consumer needs.\r\nimputable to real heritage and local fool s Tapal tea took a decision in 2008 to bring tapal Danedar in to hard pack with the similar quality, weight and impairment this resolved a lot of stocking and dis hunt issues in any case helped retain the encrustation of the tea for a longer time. The inlet of a hard pack is a tribute to the diversity of strong heritage of tea culture in the four corners of the Pakistan. The” four corners” mean the diversity of Pakistani people and the diversity in their heritage. Strong Supply Line: Tapal has a dispersal network unfold across Pakistan, from Karachi to Khyber with over 400 distributors.\r\nFrom their warehouses which are in KARACHI, HYDRABAD, SUKHUR, MULTAN, RAIWIND, the produce move to the distributors as only in north, they have 207 distribution channels. And from these distributors the crop moves to the next, which is retailer and indeed to the consumer. IBL (International blurs Ltd. ) distribution company, although charges high commission charges, offers e fficient table service in Karachi which it is made sure that product pass on be widely distributed, retailers pass on non get under ones skin shortage of products and the name IBL increases more value of the product. similarly in Islamabad are the two istribution companies FRIENDS and ITTEHAD provide operate for the distribution of Tapal tea which pitchively and efficiently covers the all areas of Islamabad. This is alike one of their strengths that they have a strong distribution channels. In the beginning the company sole aim was to capture the tea market of Karachi, as they were already in tea business here, only and consequently strategically build there network to new(prenominal) cities of Pakistan. Low quotation gross r plainue: Due to local brands Tapal tea get the 41% market contend all over the Pakistan and ceaselessly its shares is increase.\r\nTapal tea has highly take inable sales with press down limit credits especially in Islamabad. In Islamabad in month of July the score of sales of Tapal tea was 12 tons (12000 kg, Rs. 4. 8 millions) but Tapal made a record sale of 15 tons (15000 kg, Rs. 6 millions) in that month with the only credit of Rs. 8 lac. Highly Innovative: Tapal tea is highly progressive because it not only makes the tea products but also introduce Tea as a cracked drink with name of icing TEA first time in Pakistan. fourteenth of June 2007 was a historic day at Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd.\r\nPakistan’s own and favorite hot tea beverage company took its first beat towards amplification with the introduction of its new product â€Å"Tapal rubbish Tea”. The first consignment of Tapal trash Tea was ceremonially dispatched from the company’s warehouse on atomic number 90 the fourteenth of June 2007. We say â€Å"Tapal sorbet Tea Chill Karo” because Tapal rubbish Tea truly adds to the sportswoman of your chilling out style. It offers a lot more than diversion. gull activating: The rea son brand activation is emerging truly fast in the field of market is its look and grip over its consumer base.\r\nThis field proportionally plastic in comparison to ATL where we can easily make our selling as needed. Be it the direct consumer impinging float activation, effect Management, Public Relation or branding, it all fits in easily. cardinal of the key factors of Tapal success is that it has full trust in its activation dodge and has always invested huge amount in this medium. Realizing the potential of activation, Tapal has been exploring almost all the study plate forms of activation. return Marketing: Event selling is one of the most effective tools of brand activation Tapal has been coveting all the areas where razet marketing can be done.\r\nTapal tea has been sponsoring the Jashn-e-Baharan feast in Sahiwal for the last four years. Be it affable programs are sponsorship events like Dawn lifestyles, Tapal has always been there to get its consumers to exp erience with its brands. WEAKNESSES: The authorities of Tapal mentioned no study(ip) weaknesses but its intense competition as our analysis is one of their weaknesses as to stay alive against a giant as Unilever and the opposite one new entrant as Tetley. Centralization Management: In Tapal it is experienced that there is centralization of decisions. Due to which force and functionality is disturbed.\r\nTapal entrust have to change its highly backbreaking culture, in order to be more flexible. dissemination System: Tapal has got the services of IBL (International Brands Pvt. Ltd) in Karachi. While over delinquent to highly focus on locally metameric brands like Meezban, there is weaken supply system, which is not existed in rest of the country. Highly Dependent on TAPAL’s Equity: Capital is essence for any organization. More the finance pass on be, higher we will be confident on its bright approaching. As Tapal is private limited company, therefore it is relatively weak in cor serveing to the emerging snubs of the market. Relative technological Backwardness:\r\nAbove point can be set forth in this aspect that overdue to less equity it is backward in adopting new technologies. No Competitive Advantage: There are limited options to attract the customers towards this commodity, because there is not clear combative usefulness aver competitors. Tapal can produce Black tea, spirt tea, and frost tea and so forth but further Tapal has to depend largely on mass advertisement. OPPORTUNITIES: One of the greatest opportunities is that Tapal has its huge market, which is increasing as the population is increasing. Tea has become a staple product in Pakistan, which cannot be denied at 20 to 60 year of age.\r\nPer capita consumption is almost 1kg according to a new-fangled look in Pakistan. The consumption of tea increases with the growth in population. At the moment, the population of the country is growing at a rate of 2. 9% annually, and the co nsumption of tea at a rate of 6%. This means that presently there is a considerable opportunity for the growth of tea in Pakistan. The initial re-launch of Tapal Family form is limited to Karachi only, still, separate principle cities will be taken into account in the future. Especially in Punjab diverseness blend can be introduced under the brand name of Family Mixture.\r\nSlowly, Family Mixture will penetrate the market in another(prenominal) cities and expand its future market share. Traditional deglutition Habits: Tea has been a main drink of vernacular Pakistanis and fortunately its use is increasing in common Pakistanis really much. Facts and figures tell us that use of tea is increasing at double rate as compared to the increase in population such as the population of the country is growing at a rate of 2. 9% annually, and the consumption of tea at a rate of 6%. It is the biggest opportunity for Tapal to collar the most part of the market. expansion in other Bevera ge Markets:\r\nThere is very much monotony of brands in tea industry. More opportunities can be explored by development innovative ideas. In recent years, Tapal has launched â€Å" grump Tea” brand, which is the step forward to hulk in other diverseness of beverage market. sensation in this regard is very much of classical importance. Research and Development: In order to make its tea brand unique is quit severe for any organization. R department seems to be self-aggrandizing among very less alternatives. This is vital to utilize these opportunities. Expansion in Other Areas of Country: Tapal is not existed in every part of the country.\r\nOn the other side, tea market is affording day by day. So Tapal has a big field to play. It can spike its standing in current markets as well as by exploring new markets. Growing Health Awareness: Usually, it is considered in our society that tea is not good for health. While many research reports have published in distinguishabl e journals and magazines that tea is very helpful for continuous working. So Tapal should take a step to spread this fact. It can start its be given with the collaboration of other players of the tea industry. Exports: Pakistan has very profuse taste in drinking tea.\r\nIt is one of those countries in which tea is widely drunk. If Tapal can get good position in Pakistan past it can surfeit other parts of the world as well. Tapal should close this gap by expiration for exports. THREATS: One of the study threats that Tapal has its area of the market, which is not educated, and it is use the loose tea, which may not be good for their health as well. Tapal claims that it is not possible for them to create such a big cognizance for them but the Government should play his role so that these people should have some consciousness of the imported loose tea.\r\nA sloshed threat is the increasing number of brand and unbranded tea in the market with ample damage difference. For tha t, established companies need to increase their advertizement and progressional budget. There is a need to get a better shelf space and more retailer patronization for the companys brand. Strong Competition in Rural and urban Market: Tapal is cladding stiff competition in the presence of Lipton. It is very difficult to compete in this market, because tea has not very much transformation in its taste. To hold on the existing share as well as going further by competing such environment is the study threat.\r\ninternationally Increasing Tea Prices: Pakistan is not self suitable in tea. It has to import tea from abroad. And discharge an industry of which base is on imported good is quit challenging. There is another aspect of this picture that Pakistan has put duty of 10 pc on tea imported from Kenya. Kenya tea is liked mostly due to its taste, while tea from Bangladesh and Srilanka is duty free, so maintaining taste might be going to cost very much. High Inflation inside Cou ntry: box is all over the world. Pakistan is not out of the influence.\r\nDue to this down turn purchasing power of Pakistanis is going down side as well. In this scenario innovation and introducing new products might cost very high. fertilization of Hot Beverage Segment: Lipton, Tetley, full of life and haughty are the some of the main competitors of Tapal tea. They are providing very stiff competition in present of Tapal. Similarly Islamabad tea and Peshawari Chai are among the local brands which are competing Tapal in countryfied areas. Political Conditions: This is the threat which has been facing by all industries.\r\nPakistan’s political crack is quit unpredictable. Change of government and change of policies come together. It is not the better situation to file and mechanism long run policies. So it is very important threat to be considered for the exports to the other countries. |Internal Factors |Strengths |Weaknesses | |Management |Experienced, broad base of interests and | spacious size may lead to conflicting interests. | | |knowledge. | |Product Line |Differentiated, sportsman in products. |So much product lines but still not able to | | | |knock out loose tea. | |Marketing |Diverse and local awareness. | may lose focus, may not be part enough. | |Personnel |Very experienced, high knowledge. |Possible conflicts due to so many people, | | | |possible trouble staying focused. |Finance |High sales revenue, high sale growth, large |High expenses, may have trouble equilibrize | | |capital base. |cash-flows of such a large operation | |Research & Development |Continuous efforts to research trends an |sometimes they conduct research but the | | |reinforce creativity. |advantage is taken over by small competitors. | |External Factors |Opportunities |Threats | |Consumer/Social |Increase in the population. Illiterate people go for loose tea, which is | | | |substandard as well. | |Competitive |Distinctive name, product and packagin g in |vivid competition can pay so they have to | | |with regards to its markets. | hold up shopping centres gift. | |Technological |Maintenance of comme il faut website which subscribes|Competitors are global leaders so they have | | |and provides information regarding long |more technology as compared to Tapal. | |production line. | | |Economic |Consumer income is high for the Danedar class. |Very flexile demand, almost pure competition. | Marketing Strategy MARKETING OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the marketing plan are strategically have-to doe with on 3 criteria: • To create a strong consumer awareness against unorganized tea product. • To establish a wide brand recognition through the capture of market shares in the multi segment. • To become the top market leader in that particular segment within the strong research and development.\r\nTARGET MARKETING: The target market is that they are defining for our brand Tapal Danedar is the A class and B+ class. The target of this brand is the urban area of the country and along with the use in offices and business class as well. Tapal Danedar is basically the one to one competitor against Lipton yellow grade. The class and geographic location we can say is almost same for both the brands. MARKETING SEGMENTATION: As a whole when we see the market of tea in Pakistan, although it is not clearly separate but, Tapal did this thing very accurately that it segmented the market very accurately.\r\nIts 11 brands in the current clearly shows the potential of each brand in each segment lay by the company. They clearly look at the nature and extent of diversity of buyers needs and wants in a market. This thing offers a great opportunity for Tapal to focus its business capabilities on the requirement of one or more groups of buyers. The main objective of this segmentation is to examine differences in needs and wants and to identify the segments within the product market of interest. MARKET SHARE PI CTURE:\r\nOur main focus is on organized tea market where distinguishable companies like UNILEVER and TAPAL are holding the main market share. Some other companies also present in the market but having very low share of the market. • Unilever Pakistan limited has 43% market share. • Tapal Tea private limited has 41% market share. • Vital tea limited has 6% market share. • Tetley has 4% market share • The remaining 6% belongs to other market share in the organized market. unorganized market also captures a good market share in the get along tea market of Pakistan. 70000 tons out of 150000 consumption is of unorganized tea. 1% of total population of Pakistan are living in uncouth areas. Due to illiteracy and lack of awareness they are consuming unorganized tea, which is mainly touching the organized tea market. Due to this they are savoring a very big market share of the total tea market. Organized segment mainly depend on the imported tea. Mainly bi g players are importing tea from contrasting countries like Kenya, UK, and Bangladesh. start some year’s imported figures for Pakistan is described in the chart below. Unorganized tea is mainly smuggled from different neighbor countries of Pakistan.\r\nThat’s why it has a large proportion in total consumption of tea in Pakistan, which is 70000 tons of total 150000 tons. MARKET TRENDS: Trends are now changing. If we see the consumers of tea firstly they are using or you can say addicted of the generic tea, which is the black one, but now the trend is changing. Consumers now want something different in taste now, as the competition is getting higher. Consumer of tea wants some new bladder fucuss in tea because now their taste is changing as the time is changing so trend is changing in the market.\r\nAnd Tapal utilize this trend very accurately as their innovations show us everything. Tapal Meezban, Danedar, Safari, and specially round alloy free tea bags and last bu t not the least Tapal ice tea shows that as the trend is changing in the market Tapal also using this trend in the form of new innovations. MICRO-ENVIRONMENT ANAYSIS: SUPPLIERS: alone tea in Pakistan is imported. Pakistan mainly imports tea from Kenya and other African countries like Uganda, Burundi and Tanzania, while multinational companies in Pakistan also import tea from Sri Lanka, Indonesia and Bangladesh.\r\nTapal’s suppliers are major the importers of Tea from these countries. MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES: Tapal has a countrywide sales & distribution network. The company has over 400 distributors operating nationwide. CUSTOMERS: Tapal considers complete Pakistani tea market to be its current and prospective customers. Therefore, it has brands that cater to almost all demographic, geographic and social-class wise segmented market of Pakistan. Its customers are all people living in both rural and urban areas of Pakistan who like having tea. Tapal has always targeted fa milies as its potential consumers.\r\nWith the view that the junior generation will be Tapal’s future customers, Tapal is actively supporting the fast ontogeny harmony industry in Pakistan. It has sponsored the leading singers in Pakistan and actively participates in music concerts. UNIQUE SELLING PREPOSITION: The main reason behind Tapal’s success is that it has locate its taste. It manufactures its product according to the taste and requirements of the market it is catering. other reason behind Tapal’s success in catching the hearts of the consumers is that, it has always been close to them.\r\nThis has been possible because of its strong Brand activation Activities. These activities have added a new dimension to their marketing activities make them more attractive, exciting and interactive as possible. These activities not only reinforce Tapal as a national company but also serve well all its other brands in having their desired uphold wherever requi red. These activities are customized according the brand requirements to achieve maximum results. non only this, these activities also provide the consumer with a 360-degree product experience, which not only helps in educating the consumer but also engages them to the brand.\r\nThese activities cover Outdoor Billboards, Event Marketing, Road Shows i. e. floats, energetic kitchens etc, Rural Development Programs, hebdomadally Bazaars, and Merchandizing of the products. MARKET result: Industry is now on the maturity stage. Large players has established their brands in the market and enjoyed huge profit margins. Now they are looking towards product note and multi segmentation because consumers are now more taste conscious and looking for variety available to them in a tea market. MARKETING MIX PRODUCT The core • Tea Beverage The actual product Packaging and labeling: see figure in front • Branding: red color, aspect of refreshing, hard pack and leisurely pack both. à ¢â‚¬Â¢ Trade name: Tapal Danedar, a TAPAL product • Brand personality Freshness, Healthy, Innovative, etc. • Brand equity: Tapal Danedar provides a quality, consistent, innovative and accessible tea reputation. Tapal has a variety of brands each catering to different market segments. After TAPAL’s unique Family Mixture became Karachi’s largest selling brand, the company was encouraged to innovate further. As a result an just new category brand called Danedar was created and launched.\r\nTapal Daneder became the country’s largest selling tea brand with a loyal following, which shows that Tapal has been sure-fire in creating a strong Brand get word amongst its consumers. Tea is part of culture in this region and now Tapal has become an integral part of this tradition with an unparalleled grace of its own. PRICE: The pricing dodging that they are following for Tapal is cost oriented as the terms that tapal is taking is comparatively low becausece its main competitor Yellow label tea. The price going for some products are: 200 grams Tapal Danedar unattackable Pack 80rs. 400 grams Tapal Danedar Family Pack 155rs.\r\nPrices for Lipton Yellow cross out Tea are: 200 grams Yellow cross out 95rs. 500 grams Yellow grade 235rs. So its price we can say that varies according to cost and even in high quality, which they are claiming, their price is low as compared to Yellow Label Tea. Tapal people neer wanted to compromise on quality so they adopted value based pricing. As Tapal specifically catering to different segments of the market so its prices are based on its effective value to customers relative to other products. Also the prices are different for different SKU’s CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION: Manufacturer ——? electrical distributor———? Retailer ——â€?\r\nConsumer The channel of distributions according to this brand Tapal Danedar is exactly as shown by the diagram as manufact uring business to distributors who vary according to geographical dispersion and then to retailer to final consumer. Tapal has a great channel of distribution not only to this brand but also all other brands that vary geographically according to consumer needs. TAPAL has 5 main warehouses in Pakistan, which are located in the following cities. 1. KARACHI 2. HYDERABAD 3. SUKHUR 4. MULTAN 5. RAIWIND From these warehouses the product move to the distributors as only in north they have 207 distribution channels.\r\nAnd from these distributors the product moves to the next, which is retailer and then to the consumer. This is also one of their strengths that they have a strong distribution channels. In the beginning the company sole aim was to capture the tea market of Karachi, as they were already in tea business here, only and then strategically build there network to other cities of Pakistan. Now Tapal has a distribution network spread across Pakistan, from Karachi to Khyber with over 400 distributors. Extensive training programs are provided for the devoted sales personnel.\r\nThe favoriteity of its fine brands is unabated, making it the No 1 national tea company in Pakistan. Tapal caters to its customers by providing Tapal Danedar and Family Mixtures to more than 140,000 outlets in Pakistan, which include super transshipment centers, department stores, general stores, medical stores, paan walas, grocery stores, merchants, etc. Grocery stores and merchants together provide 80% tawdriness of the tea sales. PROMOTION: OBJECTIVES: To make the brand incite the consumer as much it could be: • Tapal is using both BTL and ATL for the purpose of advancement. • through and through BTL Tapal is focusing on parade racks, sign boards etc. ainly dictated to different retailers for doughy onward motion against their competitors. • The specific term used by Tapal is the MODERN TRADE so that they have an eye contact of the product with the customer. In this they are using shelves to display their product in big stores like BEST PRICE, BUY BEST, HARLORD’S, and 7th EVENUE etc. • done ATL Tapal is focusing on broadcast and print media onward motion by placing ads on T. V and placing newspapers ads as well. electronic MEDIA: Initially, the company relied heavily upon print media but this trend is changing now because of the in customer’s life style.\r\nRight now, company is doing intensive advertising through networks. In their advertisement they hire the services of renowned celebrities. TAPAL AND MUSIC: With the view that the younger generation will be TAPAL’s future customers, TAPAL is actively supporting the fast developing music industry in Pakistan. It has sponsored the leading singers in Pakistan and actively participates in music concerts. SALES PROMOTION STRATEGIES: The Company is running different sales promotional schemes at different times of the year depending on the sales of the company.\r\n TAPAL’s brand is backed by planed dodge implementation and followed up with affective communication its advertising and promotion is touching all aspects of media and market opportunities. MARKETING query: Tea blending and tasting is both an art and a science and Tapal conceits itself on having mastered both the aspects. Tapal has adroitly judged the factory senses and keenness of the taste buds of their patrons, resulting in the creation of unhomogeneous well known brands. Aftab F. Tapal is a well trained and highly experienced tea taster of the country and is recognized as a qualified tea specialist worldwide.\r\nTapals tea managers have been trained at home and abroad in this very rigorous and specialized discipline, and have a great deal traveled to leading tea producing countries searching for better teas. Tapal is a research oriented company. It subscribes to and conducts various researches in the area of retail audits, consumer behavior, media planning and product development. This research is used for continuous improvement in product quality, brand positioning and communication according to the changing requirements of the consumers.\r\nConsistency and quality are the two keystones of Tapals production policy, and the Quality Control Department at Tapal ensures that flavor and freshness is never compromised. Thats why all the brands, whether Danedar, Tapal finical or Tapal Family Mixture, always taste exactly as expected, retaining aroma and freshness till the last sip. seek ON THE HARD PACK; According to the marketing manager service he conducted a research at different big cities of the country so that to analyze consumer behavior by this research many classes were taken over in 12 different sessions.\r\nBy this research first they showed the ad of Tapal and then ask about their thoughts and feelings related to the ad. The target market is housewives from different classes and on the basis of this research tapal conclude that they hav e to launch a hard pack of Tapal Danedar. As its target market was not sluttish to use the soft pack due to the status problem. Now after the launching, Tapal claims that it is difficult to fulfill the market needs of hard pack due to high demand. Competitive Strategy COMPETITIVE SITUATION: Unilever owns two of the most widely recognized product lines Lipton and Brooke Bond.\r\nThe major competition facing Lever at present is from Tapal Danedar Tea, who is truly a market challenger. Lipton comprises of Yellow Label which is knowing for swiftness middle, upper lower and upper middle class, which is a market leader in the industry, it comes in all the packages including hard packs, jars, and teabags. Lipton yellow label although the direct competitor of Brooke Bond arrogant comes in the family of Unilever so it is prone to its competing attacks. Lipton follows a massive promotion scheme to hold its share.\r\nRichbru is designed for middle and lower Upper classes and Pearl dust is designed for rural areas, mostly districts of Sindh where consumption of dust is extensive. They both are not utter as direct competitors of Supreme because they are targeting to different audience. Lipton has a market share of 43%. Brooke Bond comprises of Supreme and A1 karak Tea which is designed for lower classes, originally known as Kenya compartmentalization and then A1 Kenya mixture. Brooke Bond has a market share of 9%. Tapal with the assortments like Danedar and Family mixture collectively has a market share of 41% overall and in Karachi it has 24%.\r\nTapal is not only a direct competitor but can be stated as a only competitor because all the major market share holders belong to the family of Unilever besides Tapal. Tapal also comes in various packages and consumes much of the shelf space in super markets and convenient stores. Tapal has the biggest advantage of its assortments as is served not only by mixture but also Danedar which is getting very popular day by day. Tapal has a good pictorial matter in consumer’s mind and its price is also reasonably attractive. A sizable portion of the market is dominated by loose tea or unbranded tea.\r\nHowever, these brands are currently threatened by smuggled tea from Afghanistan which is available in the open market duty free. This has posed a lot of problems for genuine importers of tea who cannot compete with this tea because of its low price. This unbranded tea’s have the biggest market share of 40% because of its low price. COMPETITION take aim; Direct competition of Tapal tea is with Lipton yellow label tea. Indirect competition of Tapal is with coffee, loose tea and other flavored teas. Generic competition includes all the generic products, which can fulfill consumer’s generic needs. PROMOTION ACTIVITIES:\r\nTapal has a competitive strategy to make the promotion activities in all over the country, in urban areas as well as in rural areas. This is a great competitive advantage over the competitor Lipton which makes the promotion activities only in the urban areas. Tapal plan the following promotion activities: Float Activity: Tapal Danedar conducted a float activity latterly in the rural areas of Pakistan. A Tapal Danedar branded float moved in different towns and the float was stationed in high employment areas which generated the most crowds. The idea of this activity was to generate brand awareness and increase visibility.\r\nSo it is the great competitive advantage over the competitor for increasing brand awareness and increasing visibility. Demo Activity: It was carried out in the semi urban regions of Punjab and was aimed towards women, in forming them about the benefits of tapal Danedar. Tapal Danedar set up stalls with branded umbrellas and tables. Women super by were foold to the stall where a female mover spoke to them about the benefits of tapal Danedar and disadvantages of loose tea. All that time free tea samples were given to the people visiting the stall making the atmosphere cheerful festive.\r\nThis is the competitive strategy of Tapal tea to promote and aware the customers about its products as well as its advantages. Shop cell Activity: A Tapal Danedar branded kiosk was placed at a no. of Kiryana and General stores where promoters would invite customers passing by and inform them about the various deals being offered by tapal Danedar due to this activity Tapal get the competitive advantage over the competitor this is the store competitor strategy by which customers get awareness about the tapal products and increase and due to this strategy tapal survey getting more market share against the competitors.\r\n kinship with Multinational Company: For getting the competitive edge over the competitor especially in tea blending packing material and technological innovation the management of tapal visited time to time different multinational tea companies, such as the management team of tapal recently visited the tea factory of â€Å"TYPHOO” based in Liverpool England. The team was treated to an extensive visit of the production facilities and pass the day with the â€Å"TYPHOO” management team where some highly expensive ideas and best practices process were exchanged mingled with the two companies. ATL AND BTL ACTIVITIES:\r\nBoth ATL and BTL activities do play a key roll in advertising and promotion of all SKU’s of Tapal tea. Media releases played a great roll to give information about the pertly launched Hard Pack, service or company out to a large amount of potential customers while BTL activities addressed specific as well as selected mass audience in a particular area which will sustain for long duration. Through ATL and BTL activities Tapal has a great competitive advantage over the competitor and through using this competitive strategy they make reasonable market share and unendingly increasing in their share due to this strong competitive strategy.\r\nCONTI NUOUS LEARNING ABOUT MARKETS: In order to survive in the market you must have continuous learning about the market. Tapal did it very efficiently as their innovation shows this. They have the ability and they utilize it beautifully. Their continuous learning makes them real competitors against an international recognize brands like supreme, Lipton etc. Tapal Chai Family Mixture is the pride of Tapal developed by the forefathers in 1947 and thus creating a new category of Mixture in the tea market.\r\nIt is the blend that started the Tapal success story, and now other tea companies are following Tapal’s footsteps by go into the market with similar blends. Danedar Leaf Blend Pioneer of the Danedar category in Pakistan, Tapal’s Danedar remains a firm favorite around the country with its grape-nutty appearances, rich golden color and a strong refreshing taste. Tea is part of culture in this region and now Tapal has become an integral part of this tradition with an unparal leled grace of its own. PIONEERS of SOFT PACKAGING: Technology is also harnessed at Tapal to benefit the consumer.\r\nFrom the very beginning, Tapal realized the importance of importing innovative technologies such as the soft packing process. A fully automatic facility was established where soft packs were produced for the first time in Pakistan. At this facility tea is blended and packed in hygienic conditions, untasted by human hands whilst the soft packing technology keeps tea fresh and packaging be economical. The success of these soft packs has been such that other tea companies have also followed Tapals lead and launched some of their brands in soft packaging.\r\nAnd their other innovations are: • The first to introduce soft packs in the country. • The first tea company to introduce metal-free tea bags. The first to develop an entirely new blend and category-Tapal Family Mixture (the mixture of leaf & dust). • The first to invent the highly successful brand Danedar Leaf Blend. The first to market Kenya teas in Pakistan. The first tea company to be awarded the ISO 9001/2000 Quality deposition As a step towards backward integration Tapal has begun tea plantation at Shinkiari in the northern region of Pakistan.\r\nThis project aims at providing jobs, saving the countrys valuable foreign exchange and is a substantial step towards self-sufficiency. Tapal is also the 1st national tea company to export tea to the UAE, Canada and USA. This is again a pioneering step towards increasing value-added exports and is also a fast developing source of foreign exchange for the country. Business Process Analysis A COMMITMENT TO QUALITY; â€Å"never COMPROMISE ON QUALITY” has been the motto at Tapal since the very beginning. This commitment to quality has resulted in a high level of customer satisfaction and unflinching brand loyalty.\r\nIn December 1997, Tapal Tea became the first Pakistani Tea Company to earn the ISO-9001 certification, a symbol of the highest international quality standards. Again in December 2000, Tapal acquired the ISO9001: 2000 certification, making it one of the first few companies in the world to achieve this milestone. In step-up to the standard requirements, the ISO9001: 2000 certification system includes requirements for environment improvement, concepts of TQM (continuous improvement) with major emphasis on consumer requirements and satisfaction.\r\nQuality Policy; The management and the employees of Tapal Tea (Private) Limited is committed to: • Produce products that put together the customer’s requirements & expectations. • Fulfill the requirements and effectiveness of the quality management system through continuous improvements. • incessantly review & update the relevant quality objectives of products & processes in line with the Company’s Statement of Commitment. • infix individually & collectively as a team towards the i mprovements of processes, personnel, environment & ethical values. Brands;\r\nThe reason behind Tapal’s success in catching the hearts of the consumers is that, it has always been close to them. This has been possible because of its strong Brand Activation Activities. These activities have added a new dimension to their marketing activities making them more attractive, exciting and interactive as possible. These activities not only reinforce Tapal as a national company but also assist all its other brands in having their desired impact wherever required. These activities are customized according the brand requirements to achieve maximum results.\r\nNot only this, these activities also provide the consumer with a 360-degree product experience, which not only helps in educating the consumer but also engages them to the brand. These activities cover Outdoor Billboards, Event Marketing, Road Shows (floats, mobile kitchens etc), Rural Development Programs, Weekly Bazaars, and Merchandizing of the products. Tapal Tea has total 11 brands which are as under: 1. DANEDAR 2. FAMILY MIXTURE 3. TEZDAM 4. GULBHAR 5. viridity TEA 6. ICE TEA 7. INSTEA 8. TAPAL SPEACIAL 9. CHANAK DUST 10. MAIZBAN DUST 11. SAFARI TAPAL DANEDAR:\r\nSince 1947, Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd. has been the leading tea company in Pakistan. Since then, this prestigious corporation has expanded extensively and has introduced many successful tea brands complementing the different tastes of tea drinkers nationwide. At present, Tapal Danedar is the flagship brand of the company, standing as a true national brand. The history of Tapal Danedar is a success story in its own. In 1987, Tapal Tea launched a new category of tea in the market, called ‘Danedar’. This was a ‘Dana’ blend from the high grown tea leaves of the highest tea gardens in the world.\r\n each(prenominal) component of Danedar blend is carefully selected to provide a lovely looking leaf appearance that is neat, b lack, grainy and fairly even. Danedar blend is an excellent combining of bouncy taste and distinct flavor of world’s best high grown teas, which produces satisfying cup of tea for the consumers who like aromatic or flavor tea. The innovation was so successful that other multinational tea companies decided to enter the category and launch similar brands. Tapal Danedar has ever since maintained its top position in the category and is still the 3rd largest tea brand in Pakistan.\r\nAs a result of Tapal’s corporate philosophy, being the benchmark in creativity, many valued additions have been made to the brand over the years. The first was the introduction of Tapal Danedar teabags and later the innovative string less â€Å"Round Tea Bags” were launched. The most important feature of this top quality Danedar brand is that the characteristics of a brewed cup remain intact even after a long time. Tapal Danedar has throughout been an passing strong brand, creating l oyal consumers across Pakistan. Simply, Danedar is a effective brand and a great value product and there is no real substitute of it.\r\nToday, the Danedar family comprises of a multiple SKU’s (stock keeping units) including 3 trade mark soft pack variations, 3 enveloped pack sachets, a high utility jar, a protrude and the ground breaking convenient teabags. 100 g 200 g 400 g molarity g JAR FAMILY MIXTURE: Family Mixture is a blend of high grown Kenyan primary leaf and dust grades, which are carefully selected for their rich color, distinct flavor and a bright golden lively appearance.\r\nIt is a pioneering brand which started its journey in 1947. It’s a brand that brought about significant success, in fact, a breakthrough for the Company. Besides, it pioneered a unique mixture of leaf and dust tea in Pakistan. As a blend, it took no time to take off and found favor with taste buds from variable levels of market segments. The blend, perhaps, stays at the core of s uccess. The strength of Tapal Family Mixture is not only due to Company’s inherent interest in the brand but owes a great deal to the recollective vision of its creators, with a deep understanding of the habits of millions of country’s tea drinkers.\r\nTapal Family Mixture has been around and boot for several decades now. In spite of long years of facing competition, which became tougher by the year, Tapal Family Mixture still holds it’s own. Backed by growing intelligent marketing, TFM today continues to command a leadership position in Pakistan’s tea industry or market. 100 g 200 g ? Kg GREEN TEA: Keeping the changing tastes and expectations of our customers in mind Tapal introduced a range of color Teas that is healthy and amend in taste.\r\nTapal Green Tea is blended to spotlession using the finest tealeaves and specially selected flavors to give a refreshing experience of light taste and soothing aroma. â€Å"Green Tea” unlike black tea u ndergoes stripped oxidation during processing and is made from leaves that are not fermented before being dried. Originating from China, today green tea is consumed all over the world for its medicinal values and great taste. It carries many health benefits as the antioxidants present in it destroy free radicals that damage cells in the body and also controls the glucose level.\r\nGreen tea lowers cholesterin and blood-insulin levels, which helps in burning of fat. Furthermore, it promotes good all-round health, as it has no side effects. Tapal Shades of Green is an aromatic combination of the finest and carefully selected tealeaves and the tantalizing freshness of natural Jasmine, Elaichi and so-and-so. Jasmine Introduced in the year 2000, Tapal Jasmine Green Tea with its spirited essence and a distinct soothing effect breathes new life in to your senses. Jasmine Green Tea is a winning combination of alluring posy and health.\r\nInfused with Jasmine flowers, Jasmine Green Tea opens a new window to your mind. 90 g Elaichi Launched in 2005, Tapal Elaichi Green Tea was well accepted by green tea lovers nationwide for its revitalizing taste. The uplifting flavor of Elaichi tenderly takes your body to a whole new level of vitality. 45 g corn After connector the Tapal Green Tea family in 2006, Tapal Lemon Green Tea with its rich taste regenerates your head. It is your perfect soul mate to indulge in a rejuvenating experience of its succulent essence. 45 g TAPAL ICE TEA:\r\nThe invention of ice tea is generally believed to have occurred in America in 1904, although some differentiate has been presented that it may have been drunk in the South well before that. Like many great inventions, ice tea was created completely by accident. It was a sweltering day during the Worlds Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, and Englishman Richard Blechyndens tea concession was not doing well. He could not decoy anyone to try his steaming beverage. The sweltering heat flock all visitors past his wares. Until he struck upon a solution.\r\nBorrowing ice from a nearby ice cream stand, he created a beverage that would acquit for the next hundred years which is now also available in Pakistan. scum Tea came to ceremonial of the Tapal management when it was found that it was already being sold at many leading stores throughout the major cities. Independent industry research shows that healthy beverages were increasing claiming a bigger share of the Pakistani market and were growing at a tremendous pace. Tapal started to respond to consumer demand and research by introducing these current flavors. 14th of June was a historic day at Tapal Tea (Pvt) Ltd.\r\nPakistan’s own and favorite hot tea beverage company took its first step towards expansion with the introduction of its new product â€Å"Tapal Ice Tea”. The first consignment of Tapal Ice Tea was ceremoniously dispatched from the company’s warehouse on Thursday the 14th of June 2007. Pre sent at this momentous use were amongst other people the CEO of the company, Mr. Aftab Tapal, the COO Mr. Muhammadi Miabhoy and the CMO Mr. Mahmood Nanji. The product along with support POS material was well received by the shop keepers of Karachi and displayed across the selected areas of the city.\r\nTapal had been the leading brand here in Pakistan for many years, and this new product which is for now available at leading stores in Karachi and is sure to stir up some more excitement among the Chai freaked Pakistani’s which will make Tapal another step ahead of the leading brands in our country CHILL KARO PAKISTAN! The super market culture has changed consumer purchase habits and the youth today has ample choices in front of them, even when compared to 5 years ago. increasingly they are becoming a huge market on their own. Tapal wants to increasingly cater to this market and it is doing so with the launch of Tapal Ice Tea.\r\nTapal is known for its hot cup of quality blend of teas, but with Tapal ice tea, it has literally set a new precedent in our markets. Taken in an international context, Tapal Ice Tea is not a new product however it is a first of its kind in Pakistan. Who else but Tapal, the tea experts, could have served up so many ways to enjoy the convenience & benefits of tea? â€Å"Tapal has been making tea for over 60 years and now we’ve added a new area into our portfolio” said Aamir Habib, Brand Manager, and Tapal Ice Tea. â€Å"We know our product is about more than refreshment though.\r\nIt’s about chilling out and sharing good times with family and friends. We believe that this product is one of the best ways to kick back and have fun this summer. ” Tapal Ice Tea offers Pakistani youth an attitudinal choice that comes in the kind of flavors that they will like. Tapal ice tea is made for todays generation that loves to enjoy their life at its fullest and chill out. Instant refreshment is yours anytime wi th our beverage. Thirst- splashing and juicy, our Ice Tea is pure and satisfying. With this now you’ll be able to enjoy the great refreshing taste of Ice Tea from Tapal †the experts in tea.\r\nMade from real tea, Tapal Ice Tea combines the goodness of Tea Antioxidants with no preservatives, no artificial colors and only 16% net profit which is less than most regular soft drinks. TAPAL Lemon & Lime and Peach Ice Tea are a refreshing addition to the popular TAPAL product line of traditional teas. The ice tea contains vitamin C that gives it a refreshing tangy taste. Without interrogative Tapal Ice Tea is the best drink that adds to the fun of activities that youre engaging in. Whether its music, shopping, party, workout and games, you can be sure of a chilling time. Tea drinkers will really enjoy the new products, and the flavored ice tea will certainly appeal to active adults who seek refreshment and healthy benefits in their beverage selection,” said Aamir Habib, Brand manager. â€Å"The tea used to make Tapal Ice Tea has antioxidant properties which are associated with good health. ” The launch will be supported with a fully integrated marketing program that includes print, radio and out-of-home advertising, point-of-purchase displays, Web/interactive communication theory especially the launch of Pakistan’s first branded portal www. hillkaro. com, public relations and consumer sampling programs. Tapal Ice Tea will be sold in supermarkets, convenience and other retail stores. What is Ice Tea? The simple pleasure that tea drinkers have enjoyed with Tapal for more than 60 years gets a chilled & flavorful update this month with the new Tapal Ice Tea Lemon & Lime and Peach flavor varieties hit the shelves this month. Tapal Ice Tea is a deliciously refreshing drink made with tea, blended with water and fruit flavors. Ice tea is a form of cold tea often served in a glass over ice.\r\nIt may or may not be lovingened . The most common flavors worldwide include lemon, knockout and lime. About Peach Flavor Ice Tea For the delicious taste of summer in a glass any time of the year, mix up some Tapal Ice Tea Peach. It’s the perfect blend of thirst quenching, refreshing beverage and the sweet taste of peaches. Made from real tea blends, Tapal Ice Tea Peach combines the goodness of Tea antioxidants with no preservatives, no artificial colors and only 16% sugar which is much less than most regular soft drinks. About Lemon & Lime Flavored Ice Tea\r\nNothing beats a chilled, sweet, lemonlike glass of Tapal Ice Tea Lemon With just the right amount of ingredients; our mix is going to quench your thirst with a refreshing burst of Lemon and Lime. Made from real tea blends, Tapal Ice Tea Lemon combines the goodness of Tea antioxidants with no preservatives, no artificial colors and only 16% sugar which is much less than most regular soft drinks. Opt For The Healthy Drink †Ice Tea! We say Tap al Ice Tea Chill Karo because Tapal Ice Tea truly adds to the fun of your chilling out style. It offers a lot more than refreshment: Energizes you\r\nIts adjudge caffeine content stimulates energy consumption, giving your body a gentle physical boost that helps you keep going on your workouts, sports or any sort of physical activity energetically. 2. 1 mg of caffeine per kg body weight that equals 147 mg for 70 kg person ingested prior to prolonged exploit delays fatigue. This amount is available in approximately 3 Tapal Ice Tea cans. Sharpens your wits A combination of caffeine and theanine in tea gives you a relaxed but fully alert state of mind and at the same time helps you to focus. Hydrates you\r\nDrinking 8 render of water a day is a minimum requirement for a healthy, active lifestyle. Maintaining a healthy body fluid balance can become a challenge during summers, especially when you move outdoors. Your need to intake fluids becomes even more recurrent. In such a hot weath er, refreshing Tapal Ice Tea breaks are necessary time after time to replenish the fluid that you’ve lost all day to the hot weather in a delicious way and they’re a much better alternative than carbonated drinks. Doesn’t hurt your physical fitness Ta\r\n'